浙皖虎刺(茜草科)的形态变异及其生境特征  

Morphological variation of Damnacanthus macrophyllus (Rubiaceae) and its habitat characteristic

作　　者：李新华[1] 范俊[1] 邓懋彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省.中国科学院植物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2013年第2期43-46,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J0730644)

摘　　要：在江苏省宜兴市龙池山发现了1个浙皖虎刺自然种群,属江苏省分布的新记录。通过野外居群取样及统计分析方法,首次研究了浙皖虎刺的形态变异。浙皖虎刺针刺长度为1.0～4.6 mm。叶片形状与大小变异较大,长3.0～9.0 cm,宽0.9～3.2 cm。核果成熟时红色,扁球形至近球形,具1～4个分核,其中具2核或3核的果实数目相对较多(p<0.01)。浙皖虎刺种群生长于海拔95～140 m的山坡常绿阔叶林下,具果实的个体约120株。在20个1 m×1 m林下层样方中,浙皖虎刺共有14种伴生植物,其中出现频次最高的3种植物分别为狗脊、虎刺和米槠。在江苏省境内,浙皖虎刺、虎刺和米槠都局限分布于宜兴龙池山。在中国亚热带常绿阔叶林中,浙皖虎刺等虎刺属种类可能为米槠的伴生种。A natural population of Damnacanthus macrophyllus （Rubiaceae）was recently found as a new record in Longchi Mountain of Yixing City, southern Jiangsu Province. Variate patterns of the main taxonomic characters of D. macrophyllus were first investigated by means of field population sampling and statistical analysis. The spine length is 1.0 - 4.6 ram. Both shape and size of the leaves display a considerable variation range, the length is 3.0 ~ 9.0 cm, the width is 0.9 - 3.2 cm. The ripe drupes of D. macrophyllus are red, ob- late to nearly globose, containing 1 to 4 pyrenes, but predominated by 2-pyrene or 3-pyrene fruits（p 〈 0.01 ）. The population of D. macrophylluz occurs in an evergreen broad -leaved forest on the mountain slope at elevation of 95 - 140 m, including about 120 fructif- erous individuals. Fourteen neighbor plant species are found in 20 1 m × 1 m quadrats of D. macrophyllus in the undergrowth of ever- green forest, and 3 species, Woodwardiajaponica, D. indicus and Castanopsis carlesii rank the top three highest occurrence frequencies in the quadrats. Furthermore, within Jiangsu Province, the distribution of D. macrophyllus, D. indicus and Castanopsis carlesii are all restricted to Longchi Mountain of Yixing City. It is presumed that species of Damnacanthus, such as D. macrophyllus, may be among the companion plants of C. carlesii in subtropical evergreen broad - leaved forests in China.

关 键 词：浙皖虎刺 宜兴龙池山 新记录 变异式样 生境 

分 类 号：Q949.781.1[生物学—植物学] Q948.13