输气管道泄漏音波产生机理研究  

Leak-acoustics generation mechanism for natural gas pipelines

作　　者：刘翠伟[1] 李玉星[1] 王武昌[1] 付俊涛[1] 方丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院,青岛266555

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2013年第7期17-23,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然基金(51074175);国家自然基金(51104175);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(11CX06075A)

摘　　要：为研究输气管道音波法泄漏检测技术基本原理及应用方法,对输气管道中泄漏音波产生机理进行研究,理论上确定输气管道气动噪声产生机理;将仿真模拟所得四极子声源和偶极子声源产生的泄漏音波进行分析并总结规律;将音波传感器测得泄漏音波与仿真模拟所得泄漏音波对比验证;分析多工况条件下仿真模拟与实验方法得到的泄漏音波;通过分析仿真模拟中泄漏音波产生机理和实验中所用音波传感器工作机理总结输气管道音波泄漏检测技术的基本原理。研究结果表明,输气管道泄漏音波产生原因为气体泄漏时产生的湍流脉动导致的四极子声源和偶极子声源。实验中音波传感器测得的压力波动主要成分为声源产生的音波波动。仿真模拟与实验方法可用于研究输气管道泄漏音波产生机理。In order to study the law and use of leak detection for gas pipelines based on acoustic method, a study was made for leak-acoustics generation mechanism of natural gas pipelines. Firstly, the aero-acoustics generation mechanism was studied in theory so that the wave equation of sources could be derived when gas pipelines were leaking. Secondly, the leak-acoustics generated by quadrupole sonic sources and dipole sonic sources were simulated to analyze the law of their characteristics. Thirdly, the leak-acoustics were acquired with tests under the same conditions as those for the simulation. The leak-acoustics simulated were compared with those obtained from tests to testify the simulation method. And then, the comparative analyses were accomplished between the leak-acoustics simulated and those acquired with tests under variable operating conditions. At last, the law and use of leak detection for gas pipelines based on acoustic method were concluded after analyzing the leak-acoustics generation mechanism and the working principle of dynamic pressure sensors. The results indicated that the quadrupoles and dipoles generated by turbulent fluctuations cause the leakacoustics; the main components of pressure perturbations acquired by dynamic pressure sensors are acoustic perturbations generated by sonic sources; both the simulation method and the experiment method can be used to study the leak-acoustics generation mechanism for natural gas pipelines.

关 键 词：输气管道 泄漏音波 产生机理 仿真模拟 实验研究 压力波动 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TE88