变藓棘毛虫的形态学重描述及细胞发生学研究  

MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHOGENESIS OF STERKIELLA HISTRIOMUSCORUM (CILIOPHORA, HYPOTRICHA)

作　　者：姜佳枚[1,2] 马洪钢[2] 邵晨[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所,青岛266003 [3]西安交通大学生命科学与技术学院,生物医学信息工程教育部重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2013年第2期227-234,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:31172041,41206123,31272285);国家博士后科学基金面上项目(项目编号:2012 M511079)资助

摘　　要：通过活体观察和蛋白银染色法对采自青岛沙滩半咸水的变藓棘毛虫Sterkiella histriomuscorum(纤毛门,腹毛目)进行了形态学及细胞发生学研究。该种群形态学与前人报道的土壤及淡水种群基本一致:虫体近长椭圆形,活体大小约(100—160)μm×(40—75)μm;无皮层颗粒;29–38片口小膜;额棘毛3根;额腹棘毛4根;口后腹棘毛3根;横前腹棘毛2根;横棘毛3—5根;左右缘棘毛列分别由17—23、20—24根棘毛组成;6列背触毛;2枚大核。其主要发生学特征如下:(1)老口围带完全保留,老波动膜解体重建;后仔虫口原基独立发生;(2)额腹横棘毛为5原基次级发生式,部分原基来自老棘毛解体,以"2:3:3:4:4"方式分化为新棘毛;(3)缘棘毛原基产生于老结构中,并向两极延伸逐渐形成前后仔虫的新结构;(4)背触毛发生为典型Oxytricha模式;(5)大核在发生过程中完全融合。研究对首次在半咸水生境中发现的变藓棘毛虫种群进行了活体形态学和纤毛图式描述,补充了显微照片、性状统计数据及发生过程的细节信息。The morphology and morphogenesis of Sterkiella histriomuscorum,which was collected from the upper layer of sandy sediments in the intertidal region Qingdao,China,were investigated by examination of in vivo and silver impregnation specimens.As a brackish form,our population matched almost perfectly with former terrestrial and freshwater ones in living morphology and infraciliature： long elliptical outline,size（100—160） μm ×（40—75） μm;no cortical granules were observed;29—38 adoral membranelles;three frontal,four frontoventral,three postoral ventral,two pretransverse ventral,and 3—5 transverse cirri;left and right marginal rows were composed of 17—23 and 20—24 cirri,respectively;six dorsal kineties;two macronuclear nodules.Its morphogenetic characters were summarized as follows：（1） the old adoral zone of membranelles were retained in situ by the proter,the old undulating membranes were reorganized,and the opisthe’s oral primordium formed de novo;（2） five frontoventral-transverse anlagen were formed in the secondary-mode and generated the new cirri in a 2：3：3：4：4 pattern;（3） the anlagen of marginal row and dorsal kineties were formed intrakinetally within the parental structure;（4） the formation of dorsal ciliature was in the typical Oxytricha-pattern;（5） the macronuclear nodules fused into a single mass during division.

关 键 词：纤毛图式 发生学 原生动物 棘毛虫 

分 类 号：Q959.117[生物学—动物学]