大麻哈鱼卵黄囊期仔鱼异速生长及其生态学意义  

ALLOMETRIC GROWTH DURING YOLK-SAC LARVAE OF CHUM SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KETA WALBAUM) AND CONSEQUENT ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

作　　者：宋洪建[1] 刘伟[2] 王继隆[2] 唐富江[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2013年第2期329-335,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：农业部财政专项物种资源保护项目(2011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(201107)资助

摘　　要：运用实验生态学的方法,对大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum)卵黄囊期仔鱼的异速生长及器官优先发育在早期生存和环境适应上的生态学意义进行了研究。结果表明,大麻哈鱼卵黄囊期仔鱼的感觉、摄食,呼吸和游泳等器官快速分化,许多关键器官均存在异速生长现象。在身体各部分中,头部和尾部为正异速生长,躯干部为负异速生长,体高有先增大后减小的趋势;在头部器官中,眼径、口宽、吻长和眼后头长均为正异速生长;在游泳器官中,胸鳍、腹鳍、背鳍、臀鳍、背鳍基、臀鳍基和尾鳍均为正异速生长,脂鳍为负异速生长,其中,腹鳍在全长25.31 mm、12日龄出现生长拐点,但拐点前后均为正异速生长。大麻哈鱼卵黄囊期仔鱼感觉、摄食,呼吸和游泳等器官的快速发育,使出膜后的仔鱼在最短的时间内获得了与早期生存密切相关的各种能力,对适应复杂多变的外界环境具有重要的生态学意义。Ecological experiment was conducted to study the allometric growth of chum salmon（Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum） yolk-sac larvae and its significance in adaptation in early life stage.The results indicated during the yolk-sac larvae stage organs associated to feeling,breathing,feeding and swimming developed and differentiated rapidly,and exhibited allometric patterns.Head and tail length exhibited positive allometric growth,and trunk exhibited negative allometric growth,body height have increased positively at first,then negatively.As for dimensions of organs in head,eye diameter,mouth width,rostrum length and post-eye head length,exhibited positive allometric increase.As for swimming organs,pectoral fin,pelvic fin,dorsal fin,anal fin,base of dorsal fin,base of anal fin and caudal fin,exhibited positive allometric growth;but adipose fin exhibited negative allometric growth.In addition,pelvic fin exhibited positive allometric growth both before and after the growth inflexion point,25.31 mm in full length and 12 days after hatching.The fast development of feeling,feeding,breathing,swimming and other organs in yolk-sac larvae of chum salmon,increases larval survival ability at the early stage in the shortest possible time,and has important ecological significance to adapt the complex external environment.

关 键 词：大麻哈鱼 卵黄囊期仔鱼 异速生长 生态学意义 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]