不同温度下松毛虫赤眼蜂孤雌产雌品系和两性生殖品系对米蛾卵的寄生功能反应  

Functional response of thelytokous and arrhenotokous strains of Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to eggs of Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at different temperatures

作　　者：谢丽娜[1] 董辉[1] 钱海涛[1] 闫京京[1] 丛斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2013年第3期263-269,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30971962);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303026)

摘　　要：赤眼蜂部分蜂种或品系受Wolbachia侵染营孤雌产雌生殖。通过室内试验分析了在4个恒温(20,25,30和35℃)下松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi两性生殖品系和孤雌产雌品系对米蛾Corcyra cephalonica卵的寄生功能反应,旨在比较不同温度两品系的寄生功能反应差异,评价孤雌产雌品系在生物防治中的应用潜力。结果表明:松毛虫赤眼蜂两个品系对米蛾卵寄生作用均随寄主密度的增加而增大;随温度的升高松毛虫赤眼蜂两品系的功能反应类型由Ⅲ型改变为Ⅱ型。孤雌产雌品系以30℃的处置时间最短(0.0207d),最大日寄生量为48.31粒卵,其次是25℃,35℃最小;两性生殖品系以25℃的处置时间最短(0.0188d),最大日寄生量为53.08粒卵,其次是30℃,20℃最小;松毛虫赤眼蜂两品系的寄生功能反应存在显著差异,30℃下孤雌产雌品系为Ⅱ型功能反应而两性生殖品系为Ⅲ型。从处置时间来看,20℃时两品系无显著性差异(P≥0.05),在25℃和35℃孤雌产雌品系寄生米蛾卵时花费的时间显著长于两性生殖品系(P<0.05),而30℃却相反。可见,寄主密度、温度和Wolbachia影响松毛虫赤眼蜂功能反应。Thelytokous forms of Trichogramma are often associated with the presence of endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the functional response of thelytokous and arrhenotokous strains of T. dendrolimi by using the factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica, at four constant temperatures （20, 25, 30 and 35℃ ）. The results showed that the parasitism efficiency increased with increasing host egg density. Type m functional response turned to type 11 for both strains of T. dendrolimi with increasing temperature. For the thelytokous strain, the handling time was the shortest （0. 0207 d） at 30℃, and the parasitization rate was the highest （48.31 eggs parasitized per day） at 30℃ but the lowest at 35℃. However, for the arrhenotokous strain, the handing time was the shortest （0.0188 d） at 25℃, and the parasitization rate was the highest （53.08 eggs parasitized per day） at 25℃ but the lowest at 20℃. There was a significant difference in functional response between the two strains （ at 30℃, the thelytokous strain, handling time of the thelytokous strain was signifi type Ⅱ; the arrhenotokous strain, type Ⅲ ）. The cantly longer than that of the arrhenotokous strain at 25℃ and 35℃ （P 〈 0.05 ）, while the situation was reversed at 30℃. These results demonstrate that the functional response of T. dendrolimi is significantly affected by host density, temperature and Wolbachia infection.

关 键 词：松毛虫赤眼蜂 WOLBACHIA 功能反应 Holling圆盘方程 温度 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]