金属粉末注射成形的原理与发展趋势  

Metal Injection Molding: Principle and Development

作　　者：贺毅强[1] 陈振华[2] 陈志钢[3] 乔斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院机械工程学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]湖南科技大学机电学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2013年第2期317-322,共6页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51004050);淮海工学院人才引进科研启动基金资助项目(KQ09028)

摘　　要：金属粉末注射成形技术是一种高效的近净成形技术,适用于生产小型的、具有复杂形状的零部件。本文综述了金属粉末注射成形技术的发展历程;概述了金属粉末注射成形原理,包括粉末和粘结剂的选择、混炼,注射成形及后续的脱脂、烧结;并介绍了金属粉末微注射成形技术的技术特点、注射工艺和微注射成形的应用;分析了金属粉末注射成形技术的局限性;展望了金属粉末注射成形技术的发展趋势,认为预制复合粉末有助于解决混炼和注射造成的成分不均匀,减小烧结过程由于收缩不均匀导致的制件变形,且应开发新的粘结剂和脱脂工艺以减少脱脂后其在材料中的残留和碳化,开发少粘结剂注射成形工艺。Metal Injection Molding is an efficient and near net shape manufacturing technology, particularly suitable to the parts of small size and complicated shape. In this paper the status of Metal Injection Molding is first introduced. Formation principle as well as binder and powder choosing, powder processing, injection molding, degreasing and sintering is summarized. And technical characteristics and application of Micro Metal Injection Molding are presented. Limitation and development of this technologyare also discussed. It is considered that careful prefabrication of composite powder be helpful for homogenizinge composition during mixing and injecting, subsquently reducing distortion during sintering. New binders and new degreasing technologies should be developed to reduce residual binder. Injection molding of low binder, precision injection molding, and injection molding of tiny parts in a large scale should be developed.

关 键 词：注射成形 金属 粉末 近净成形 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]