蒙贝利亚牛与荷斯坦牛在北方地区生长发育差异性比较  

Study on Grouth and Development of the Montbeliarde and Holstein Cattle in Northern Region of China

作　　者：麻柱[1] 乔绿[1] 丛慧敏[1] 沙里金[1] 方雁军[1] 朱子岳[1] 钟代彬[1] 刘林[1] 张胜利[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2013年第6期25-28,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(2012BAD12B01D121100003312004);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B01)

摘　　要：本研究对11头蒙贝利亚母牛和9头蒙贝利亚公牛的生长发育进行了跟踪测定，并与同期荷斯坦母牛的生长发育、产奶性能进行了对比分析。结果表明，蒙贝利亚母牛与荷斯坦母牛初生重无显著差异；4～18月龄，蒙贝利亚母牛体重均明显高于荷斯坦母牛同期体重，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。蒙贝利亚母牛与荷斯坦母牛日增重变化规律相似，lOB龄平均日增重最大，17月龄平均日增重最小。蒙贝利亚母牛各阶段体高、体长与荷斯坦母牛无显著差异，14月龄体高可达127cm，达到配种体高。蒙贝利亚母牛头胎305d产奶量为7241kg，对照组荷斯坦母牛头胎305d产奶量为9589kg，二者差异极显著（P〈0．01）。蒙贝利亚公牛初生重较大，至24月龄体重接近荷斯坦公牛同期体重。12~24月龄，荷斯坦公牛体高、体斜长、胸围均明显高于蒙贝利亚公牛，差异板显著（P〈0．01）；蒙贝利亚公牛初生重48kg，蒙贝利亚母牛初生重42kg，二者差异显著（P〈0．05）。蒙贝利亚公牛各阶段睾丸周径均显著高于荷斯坦公牛，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。In this study, the growth of 11 purebred Montbeliarde cows and 9 Montbeliarde bulls were measured, and compared with the growth and milk performance of Holstein cows. The results showed that： The birth weight is no significantly difference between Montbeliarde cows and Holstein cows; In 4 to 18 months of age, Montbeliarde cows body weight were significantly higher than Holstein cows （ P〈0.01 ）. The daily gain variation with Montbeliarde cows and Holstein cows is similar, the average daily gain of l0 months age is maximum, the average daily gain of 17 months age is minimum. The body height and body length between the Montbeliarde cows and Holstein cows had no significant difference during the test. In 14 months of age, body height of Montbeliarde cows was 127cm, reached the breeding height. The Montbeliarde cows milk yield for the first 305 days is 7 241kg, the Holstein cows group is 9 589kg, the difference is significantly （ P〈0.01 ）. The birth weight of Montbeliarde bulls is higher than Holstein cows, and the body weight at 24 months of age is similar with Holstein bulls. From 12 to 24 months of age, the Holstein bulls body height, body length, chest circumference were significantly higher than the Montbeliarde bulls, with significantly difference （ P〈0.01 ）.The birth weight of Montbeliarde bulls is 48kg, and the birth weight of Montbeliarde cows is 42kg, there were significantly difference （ P〈0.05 ）. During the test, the average testicular circumference of Montbeliarde bulls was significantly higher than that of Holstein bulls, with significantly difference （ P〈0.01 ）.

关 键 词：蒙贝利亚牛 荷斯坦牛 生产性能 适应性 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]