成都市龙泉驿区制鞋业“三苯”接触工人职业危害状况  

Occupational hazards of the benzene,toluene and xylene exposed workers in shoe-making enterprises of Longquanyi District of Chengdu City

作　　者：苟勇 张栗 胡伟 王玲 黄志勇 

机构地区：[1]四川省成都市龙泉驿区疾病预防控制中心,610100

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第8期897-899,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：四川省卫生厅立项课题(川卫办发[2010]493号;项目编号:100068)

摘　　要：目的探讨制鞋业"三苯"对接触工人的职业危害,为采取防护措施保护工人身体健康提供依据。方法选择成都市龙泉驿区55家制鞋厂,测定工作场所空气中的"三苯"浓度,对"三苯"接触组与对照组工人进行体检,检查外周血血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)、肝功能和心电图。结果 "三苯"接触组工人具有一定的神经系统症状和消化系统症状,外周血Hb、RBC、WBC、PLT,肝功能异常率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.1、35.2、37.9、8.4、11.4,均P<0.01)。结论制鞋行业存在较为严重的"三苯"职业卫生危害,应采取多种方法综合治理,以保障作业工人的身心健康。[ Objective] To explore the occupational hazards among the benzene, toluene and xylene-exposed workers in shoe-making enterprises, and provide evidence for the protection of their health. [ Methods ] Fifty five shoe-making enterprises in Longquanyi District of Chengdu City were chosen for the study. The benzene, toluene and xylene concentration in the air of the workplaces were determined; physical examination was conducted on the exposed group and the control group to detect the hemoglobin （ Hb ）, red blood cells （ RBC ）, white blood ceils （ WBC ）, platelet （ PLT）, liver function and electrocardiogram. [ Results ] Symptoms in the nervous system and the digestion system were found in the exposed group; the Hb, RBC, WBC, PLT,liver function were significant- ly different between the exposed and the control （ X2 = 26.1,35.2,37.9,8.4,11.4, all P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conchmion ] Severe occupa- tional hazards exist in the shoe-making enterprises. Comprehensive management measures should be carried out to protect the physi- cal and mental health of workers.

关 键 词：“三苯” 制鞋行业 职业危害 管理对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]