东莞市工作场所中有机溶剂成分检测分析  

Determination of organic solvents in the workplace of Dongguan City

作　　者：蔡小璇[1] 钟苑琴[1] 叶立和 陈雪清[1] 马争[1] 钟明浩[1] 庄小舟[1] 唐斯[1] 张凤华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省东莞市职业病防治中心,523008

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第8期927-930,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：东莞市科技计划项目(项目编号:201210515005139)

摘　　要：目的了解近年来东莞市工作场所中有机溶剂的使用情况,为有效开展有机溶剂的职业病危害防治工作提供依据。方法收集东莞市233家工作场所有机溶剂944份,运用气质联用仪进行挥发性化学成分分析。结果 944份有机溶剂共检出343种挥发性组分,累计检出7 949次,检出有机物前5位为甲苯(52.5%)、二甲苯(37.5%)、乙苯(33.9%)、正己烷(27.4%)、正庚烷(22.6%)、苯(11.9%)、1,2-二氯乙烷(3.8%)、三氯乙烯(3.2%)分别位于第11、21、23位。检出前3位有机溶剂行业为电子、塑料五金、家具,苯检出率最高行业为制鞋(33.8%),有机溶剂类型为天那水(42.3%)。结论有机溶剂仍为东莞市主要的职业病危害来源,有机溶剂成分分析是识别职业病危害因素的一个非常重要的方法。[ Objective ] To understand the use of organic solvents in the workplace of Dongguan City, and provide evidence for effec- tive prevention and control of occupational hazards of organic solvents. [ Methods ] A total of 944 samples of organic solvents from 233 enterprises of Dongguan City were collected and detected for the volatile components by GC-MS. [ Results ] Of 944 samples of organic solvents, 343 volatile components were detected for 7 949 times, and the top 5 organics were toluene （52.5% ）, xylene （37.5%）, ethylbenzene （33.9%）, hexane （27.4%）, heptane （22.6%）. Benzene （11.9%）, 1,2-dichloroethane （3.8%）, trichloroethylene （3.2%） were No. 11, No. 21, No. 23. The top＇3 types of enterprises which used organic toxicants were electron- ics, plastics and hardware, furniture. The highest detectable rate of benzene was tiannawater （42.3% ） and in footwear industry （ 33.8% ）. [ Condtmion] The organic solvent is always a main source of occupational hazard in Dongguan City, and the analysis of organic solvents is a very important method for identification of occupational hazards.

关 键 词：工作场所 有机溶剂 挥发性有机成分 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]