减轻山区资源环境承载压力与扶贫的途径探讨——安康市教育扶贫模式实证研究  

Exploration on the Ways to Relieve the Pressure of the Resources and Environment and to Alleviate the Poverty ——An Empirical Study on the Educational Poverty Alleviation Model in Ankang City

作　　者：何家理[1] 

机构地区：[1]安康学院政治与历史系,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《山地学报》2013年第2期160-167,共8页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"秦巴山区退耕还林与连片扶贫攻坚互动途径与机理研究"(项目编号12BJY028);陕西省教育厅社会科学基金项目"秦巴山区退耕还林后续产业与连片扶贫攻坚互动途径及机理研究"(项目编号12JK0151);安康学院高教研究项目"安康市教育扶贫模式研究"(项目编号YXYJ201202)~~

摘　　要：秦巴山区生态良好,是中国的绿心,但经济极端贫困,且生态保护难度大,对外联系不便,外在形象与内在发展水平矛盾突出。选取秦巴山区腹地安康地区,通过分类问卷调查和座谈的方法进行调研,发现安康市通过教育扶贫,已产生了教育移民效应。高等教育和中等职业教育每年产生永久性移民在1万人左右(0.96万人),间接移民在3万人左右,起到了减轻当地资源承载压力的作用;农民工培训每年产生暂时性移民达63.2万人。安康市的实践经验对解决资源脆弱地区的脱贫致富和环境保护提供了范式。On November 15, 2011, the state council decided to carry out the leading pilot project for the regional development and poverty alleviation in Wulingshan area. Two weeks later, on December 1,2011, 〈 the Outline of Poverty Alleviation and Development in Rural Areas of China 〉 was proclaimed, in which Qinba Mountain area and other ten areas nearby, Tibet, Tibetan area of the four provinces, and the three areas or prefectures in the south of Xinjiang were considered as the main areas for poverty alleviation. In academic field, four ways are mentioned for poverty alleviation： investment, industry development, immigrant, and education. Qinba Mountain area is the green heart of China for the good ecology. However, the extremely poor economy, the great difficulty in ecological protection, and the inconvenient connection with the outside world contribute to the serious contradictions between the external image and the internal development level. The vicious circle among natural system, economic system, and humane system is the comprehensive cause of the poverty in this area. The fact that 90% of this area is covered by hills and mountains, 5% by rivers, and 5% by farmland inevitably leads to the overload of the resources and environment here. Industrial development is restricted because of the South - to - North water diversion project. By improving the overall quality of the population in the poor mountainous areas, educational poverty alleviation in these areas may help part of the people here go to work in or immigrate to the economic developed areas by the means of matriculation examinations so as to relieve the pressure of the environment in the vulnerable areas. On the other hand, education also helps to improve the power to conquer nature for those who still stay in their hometown. Based on the classified questionnaires and interview, the investigation in Ankang City indicates that the positive effect of educational immigrants has come into being with the help of the educational poverty alleviation in this a

关 键 词：贫困山区 安康市 教育扶贫模式 实证研究 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]