江苏冰冻灾害的气候特征  

Climate characteristics of freezing disaster in Jiangsu

作　　者：孙燕[1] 尹东屏[1] 宗培书[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省气象台,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2013年第2期165-171,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费(GYHY201006010);江苏省气象科研开放基金项目(K201002)

摘　　要：利用1961-2010年江苏省逐日气象观测资料和国家气候中心整编的逐月环流特征指数资料,运用聚类分析、小波分析、趋势系数、相关分析等方法,对该省的雾凇、雨凇日数进行了统计分析,以研究江苏冰冻灾害的气候特征。结果表明:江苏冰冻灾害的发生有明显的地域差异,西北部地区发生得多而东南部出现得少;江苏的雾凇和雨凇主要出现在江淮之间北部和淮北地区,雾凇出现的范围更广,沿江及其以北地区都有发生,且雾凇日数明显多于雨凇;江苏省大部分地区的雾凇和雨凇日数都是呈现显著的负趋势;根据冰冻日数的气候特征用分层聚类的方法将江苏66站分为3个分区,各个分区的雾凇、雨凇日数的年际和年代际振荡的周期和强度随时间的变化有不同表现;冰冻、雾凇和雨凇日数与亚洲极涡的面积和强度指数、西藏高原指数、东亚槽强度指数都有显著的相关性,这些指数的变化可能引起江苏冰冻日数的变化。Based on the 1961 -2010 daily meteorological observation data in Jiangsu Province and monthly circulation index data compiled by National Climate Center, This paper statistically analyzed the rime and glaze days using the fuzzy clustering, wavelet analysis, trend analysis, and relative analysis methods, etc. , to investigate the freezing disaster characteristics in Jiangsu Province. Results are as follows： （1） Different areas have different characteristics of freezing disasters in. In Jiangsu province, freezing weather occurs more frequently in the northwest area than that in the southeast area. （2） Rime and glaze mainly occur in the northern Huaihe area and the north area of the Yangtze-Huai River Basin. Except for the areas mentioned above, the Yangtze river and its north area are also involved in rime regions, which are larger than glaze regions. Besides, rime days are more than glaze days. （3） Rime days and glaze days decrease obviously in most areas of Jiangsu Province. （4） Based on the climate characteristics of freezing days, 66 stations in Jiangsu Province were divided into three parts using a layered Clustering method. In different areas, rime days and glaze days show that the cycle and intensity of inter-annual and inter-decadal oscillations are different in different periods. （5） There is a strong positive correlation between freezing, rime, glaze days and area, intensity index of polar vortex over Asia, Tibet Plateau index, and East Asia trough intensity index. The variation of those indexes may result in variations of days in Jiangsu Province. freezing

关 键 词：雾凇 雨凇 趋势 大气环流指数 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]