北京郊区居民一周时空间行为的日间差异  

Day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior based on GPS data: A case study in suburbs of Beijing

作　　者：申悦[1] 柴彦威[1] 郭文伯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《地理研究》2013年第4期701-710,共10页Geographical Research

基　　金：2009年IBM共享大学研究项目;"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ05B00)课题(2012BAJ05B04);国家自然科学基金项目(40801046);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20090001110054)

摘　　要：时空间行为是解读城市空间结构的重要视角。转型期中国城市居民的时空间行为呈现出复杂化、弹性化与个性化等趋势,短期行为与长期行为的关系与作用机理亦成为关键研究问题。本研究基于北京市GPS调查获取的100位郊区居民的一周时空间行为数据,采用三维可视化、描述性统计与方差分析的方法,研究居民一周的时空路径和时间分配的日间差异。结果表明:一周之内居民时空间行为在工作日与休息日之间的差异显著。工作日中,周一的工作时间最长,家外非工作活动的发生率及发生时间均较低;周二至周四居民行为的差异性相对较小;周五是工作日向休息日的过度时期,居民具有较高的时间分配自由度。休息日之间居民的时间分配差异不显著。Research on human activity-travel behavior is offering an important approach to the study of urban structure. There have been lots of domestic empirical studies on space-time patterns and the related decisions process based on cross-sectional data or activity diary of one or two days. But less time has been spent on space-time behavior and the variations during a period more than two days, because long-term disaggregated space-time data of individual＇s behavior is hard to achieve, and on the other hand, individuals are generally assumed to establish stable, highly routinized patterns. As long-term activity-travel dairy surveys are achieved in increasing countries, how an individual＇s behavior varies from day to day, week to week, or season to season, has been discussed intensively by researchers to gain a better understanding of activity-travel behavior and to acquire knowledge for better planning and policy development. In transitional China, space-time behavior of residents is more and more complicated, flexible and individualized, day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior has become an important theme. Data for this study are drawn from a 2010 Beijing one-week activity-travel survey based on GPS, including 100 residents in two typical suburban communities. We use a time geographical framework to represent the activity-travel trajectories in 3-D GIS environment, and also descriptive analysis and analysis of variance to study day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior during one week from perspectives of space-time path and time allocation. The results indicate that, firstly, differences of residents＇ space-time behavior between weekdays and weekends are significant. Second, during the weekdays, Monday has the longest work time and lower incidence of non-work activities; variations on Tuesday to Thursday are comparatively insignificant; Sunday is a transition from weekdays to weekends and residents are freer to decide the time allocation. Third, during the weekends, Saturday has higher in

关 键 词：GPS数据 时空间行为 日间差异 时空路径 周变化 北京市 

分 类 号：F299.27[经济管理—国民经济] K901[历史地理—人文地理学]