含矩形狭颈熔体熔断器的电弧阶跃电压试验分析  

Experimental Analysis on Arc Step Voltage of Fuse with Rectangular Notch

作　　者：肖翼洋[1] 庄劲武[1] 王晨[1] 陈搏[1] 袁志方[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《高电压技术》2013年第4期853-859,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51177196)~~

摘　　要：熔断器电弧点燃产生的阶跃电压对限流作用和电气绝缘有很大影响。为在数值上准确描述起弧瞬间熔断器的外部电气特性,分析了单个矩形狭颈熔体熔断器在短路分断时产生的阶跃电压,得到了在起弧电流密度为10～45kA/mm2、石英砂颗粒和包裹紧实程度相同的情况下电弧初始电位梯度与起弧电流密度之间近似线性的关系,并讨论了是否添加石英砂对阶跃电压的影响。在此基础上,改变熔体的狭颈长度和串联狭颈数,通过对比分断试验,分析了线性关系的合理性。结果表明,试验模型可以扩展应用到多狭颈串联的高压熔断器小比例或全比例试验。Step voltages of a fuse dramatically influence the current-limiting action and electrical insulation of the fuse. For quantitatively describing the fuse electric characteristic during initial arcing stage, we experimentally studied step voltages produced in short circuit interruption with fuses containing rectangular notch. An approximately linear relationship between arc-starting current density, which ranged within 10-45 kA/mm2, and the initial arc column voltage gradient was found, when pre-arcing energy remained the same as the packing density of silica sand. Meanwhile the effect of silica sand on the step voltage was discussed. Two more sets of comparative tests, in which fuse was linked with different notch lengths and notch numbers in series, showed the sound fitness of the linear relationship. The results can be applied in further investigations of small scale or full scale experiments on multiple notches in series for high voltage fuses.

关 键 词：初始电位梯度 起弧电流密度 石英砂 熔断器燃弧模型 小比例试验 金属热瓦解 

分 类 号：TM563[电气工程—电器]