不同类型春性小麦品种的播期效应及其生产意义  

Effect of sowing date on the grain yield of spring wheat

作　　者：袁礼勋 汤永禄 黄钢 余遥 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物所,中国成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2000年第2期25-31,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科委应用基础研究项目

摘　　要：选择四川春性强弱不同的小麦新品种，于１９９６～１９９８年在盆西平原稻茬麦田进行播期试验，结果表明：（１）小麦产量的播期效应因品种春性强弱和年份不同而存在显著差别。强春性早熟品种对迟播有较好的适应性，正常年份（无明显倒春寒）于１０月底播种不会出现结实异常，但在低温年份会因结实锐减导致严重减产；弱春性晚熟品种早播可获得较高产量，愈迟减产愈多；春性中熟品种年际之间和播期之间的产量波动都相对较小，适播期弹性较大，但以适期早播产量更佳。（２）强春性品种迟播后穗数和粒数变化较小，弱春性品种早播的穗数和穗粒数均较高，是其适宜迟播或早播的原因。三类型品种播期间千粒重的变化均相对较小。（３）旱区小麦抢墒早播宜选用弱春性品种，增加复种需晚播时，应选用强春性品种。Experiments were conducted in 1996 -- 1998 to test the effect of sowing date on grain yield of three types of spring wheat. The results showed that: (ｉ) Sowing date had great effect on grain yield and the patterns of variation between five sowing dates mainly based upon the growing period. With the postponing of sowing, the yield of late variety decreased significantly and that of early variety increased gradually on the contrary. However, the medium variety had a wide range of moderate sowing date. (ｉｉ) More ears and grains per ear led to the higher yield of the early variety sown late and late variety sown early than medium variety sown at the same time. There was no great difference in grain weight between varieties with different sowing date.

关 键 词：春小麦 产量 春性类型 播期效应 

分 类 号：S512.104[农业科学—作物学]