婴幼儿潮气肺功能在喘息疾病诊断中的作用  

The Roles of Tidal Breathing Parameters and Flow-volume Loop in Diagnosis of Wheezing Diseases in Infants

作　　者：张巧玲 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院儿内科,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《内蒙古医学杂志》2013年第2期169-171,共3页Inner Mongolia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:对喘息性疾病婴幼儿行潮气呼吸肺功能检测及支气管舒张试验,探讨其特点和重要呼吸参数的变化,为婴幼儿哮喘和肺炎疾病的临床诊治提供客观的实验室依据。方法:在平静呼吸下,检测各组婴儿潮气呼吸肺功能;然后对哮喘组及肺炎组患儿予0.5%沙丁胺醇化溶液雾吸入15 min后再次测定潮气呼吸速容量曲线,观察各研究组吸入支气管扩张剂前后肺功能指标变化并计算VT/kg、RR、TPTEF/TE和VPEF/VF改善率的差异。结果:婴幼儿哮喘组、肺炎组呼吸增快,吸气时间、呼气时间、达峰时间比及达峰容积比明显降低;各指标差异均有统计学意义。以达峰时间比(TPTEF/TE)、达峰容积比(VPEF/VE)任意一个改善率≥15%作为支气管舒张试验的阳性诊断标准。结论:潮气呼吸肺功能舒张试验中,达峰时间比或者达峰容积比,任一阳性改善率可为婴幼儿哮喘提供一定诊疗帮助。Objective： To evaluate the effect of nebulized bronchodilator on the change of tidal breathing in infants with asthma. This may provide some objective evidence for clinical diagnosis. Methods. During quiet breathing, to octect infant tidal breathing lung function; then the asthma group and pncumonia group to 0.5 % salbutamol atomization inhalation of 15 rain after the determination of tidal breathing fiow - volume curvcs a- galn. differences are observed in the study group before and after inhalation of bronchodilator lung function index and calculation of VT/kg, RR, TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE improvement rate. Results. In comparison with the normal controls, respiratory rate（RR） was significantly higher, Ti, Te, TPTEF/Te, andVPTEF/Ve were significantly lower in both asthma and bronchopneumonia groups; If we used TPTEF/TE rises≥15 % or VPEF/VE rises≥15 % as the diagnostic standard, the best combination of sensitivity and specificity was achieved. Conclusions：The changes of TPTEF/Te and VPTEF/Ve before and after the inhalation of drugs may be used as a supplement index for clinical diagnosis of asthma in infants.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 哮喘 肺炎 潮式呼吸 支气管舒张试验 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]