氮磷比对冬季浮游植物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Ratios on Phytoplankton Community Structure in Winter

作　　者：朱旭宇[1,2] 黄伟[1] 曾江宁[1] 江志兵[1] 刘晶晶[1] 徐晓群[1] 陈全震[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012 [2]国家海洋局南通海洋环境监测中心站,南通226005

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2013年第2期293-299,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(“973”计划)项目(2010CB428903);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805069,2012418013);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5100401,Y5110131);浙江省海水养殖重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50025);国家海洋局青年科学基金项目(2011106);浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室开放基金项目(2010F30003);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(SZ1119,JT0806);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(20110491828)资助~~

摘　　要：对浙江省洞头岛海区浮游植物在不同氮磷比(1:1、4:1、8:1、16:1、32:1、64:1、128:1和256:1)条件下进行了30 d的(冬季)室内实验研究.结果表明,N:P比对浮游植物群落的种类数、细胞丰度和叶绿素a浓度均产生了显著影响:实验结束时,高N:P组(128:1和256:1)种类数和细胞丰度显著高于低N:P组(1:1、4:1和8:1),对照组叶绿素a(Chla)浓度高于其他组.实验期间各组浮游植物群落均发生演替,演替顺序为:硅藻(中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum)→绿藻(塔胞藻Pyramimonas sp.)和隐藻(伸长斜片藻Plagioselmis prolonga)→硅藻→甲藻(双刺原多甲藻Protoperidiniumbipes),其中硅藻粒级结构变化较大,从微型(中肋骨条藻和旋链海链藻Thalassiosira curviseriata)向小型(圆海链藻Thalassiosira rotula、海洋角管藻Cerataulina pelagica和柔弱伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima)方向演替.优势种最适N:P比不同,实验结束时16:1组圆海链藻和双刺原多甲藻细胞丰度显著高于其他各组,柔弱伪菱形藻在128:1组生长较好.此外,各N:P组群落演替速度不同,d 24时8:1、16:1和32:1组甲藻(双刺原多甲藻)丰度即超过硅藻,N:P值略降有利于硅藻向甲藻演替,而N:P比过高不利于甲藻占优势.The increasing nutrient inputs may lead to a change of phytoplankton community structure. Therefore, it is very important to study the impact of nitrogen and phosphorus ratio on marine phytoplankton. In winter, phytoplankton community collected from Dongtou island in Zhejiang Province, China was cultured in different N：P ratios （1：1, 4：1, 8：1, 16：1, 32：1, 64：1, 128：1, 256：1） for 30 days. The results indicated that the species number, cell abundance and Chla content significantly varied with different N：P ratios. After 30 days of culture, the cell abundance and species number in the high N：P ratio groups （128：1 and 256：1） were significantly higher than those in the low N：P ratio groups （1：1, 4：1 and 8：1）, while Chla content in the control group was higher than those in the other groups. Furthermore, the phytoplankton community in all treatments was observed a definite succession from Bacillariophytas to Dinophyta. The succession process could be divided into three steps： from Bacillariophytas （Skeletonema costatum） to Chlorophyta （Pyramimonas sp.） and Cryptophyta （Plagioselmis prolonga） at 0th-6th days; then the Bacillariophytas dominated the phytoplankton community at 6th-18th days; then the Dinophyta （Protoperidinium bipes） dominated the community until the end of test. The size fraction of Bacillariophytas also changed from the nano-phytoplankton （Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira curviseriata） to micro-phytoplankton （Thalassiosira rotula, Cerataulina pelagica and Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima）. Dominant species also differed with different N：P ratio groups. The cell abundance of Thalassiosira rotula and Protoperidinium bipes in the N：P ratio of 16：1 was higher than that in the other groups. Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima grew well in the N：P ratio of 128：1. Furthermore, the percentage of Protoperidinium bipes in the low N：P ratio groups （8：1, 16：1 and 32：1） was higher than that in the high N：P ratio （128：1

关 键 词：氮磷比 浮游植物 群落结构 演替 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]