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作 者:陆冠尧[1,2] 李森[2] 魏兴琥[1] 梁钊雄[1] 熊彦[1] 黄金国[1]
机构地区:[1]佛山科学技术学院国土资源环境与旅游研究中心,广东佛山528000 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070
出 处:《地理科学》2013年第4期481-488,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica
基 金:广东高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划项目(LYM11126);广东省自然科学基金(S2012010009272);国家自然科学基金项目(31170486);广东省哲学社会科学十二五规划项目(GD12CGL01)资助
摘 要:通过在粤北石漠化地区选取不同石漠化阶段样地,进行人工降雨模拟试验,研究粤北石漠化地区水文过程。结果表明:随石漠化程度的加深,地表植物对雨水最大截留量不断下降,其中以重度→极重度阶段降幅最大,达6倍多。土壤持水量在重度→极重度石漠化阶段发生转折。地表径流在中度和重度石漠化土地上具有相同特征,但在与轻度和极重度石漠化土地中差异明显。当雨强为30~50 mm/h时,产流35 min内总径流量以中度石漠化样地最高;当雨强为51~60 mm/h时,以极重度石漠化样地最高;而当雨强为61~70 mm/h时,则以重度石漠化样地最高。在各石漠化阶段样地上以雨强35 mm/h进行人工模拟降雨60 min,有0.6%~2.71%雨水被植被及枯落物截留;2%~53.31%雨水被土壤吸收;2.18%~7.37%雨水转化为地表径流;41.8%~93.41%雨水渗漏形成地下水。Some plots with different stages of rock desertification were selected in rocky desertification area of northern Guangdong to study the hydrological process of there through artificial simulation rainfall test. The resuits show that: the maximum ground surface vegetation interception of rainfall is decreasing with the deepen- ing of rock desertification, and the maximum decreasing range appears in severely stage to very severely stage which is more than six times. Soil moisture capacity is turning from severely stage to very severely stage. The surface runoff appears same characters in moderately and severely rocky desertified land, but has obviously difference in slightly and very severely rocky desertified land. When rainfall intensity is 30-50 mm/h, the highest total runoff of runoff yield for 35 min is in moderately rocky desertified land. When rainfall intensity is 51-60 mm/h, the highest total runoff of runoff yield for 35 min is in very severely rocky desertified land. When rain- fall intensity is 51-60 mm/h, the highest total runoff of runoff yield for 35 min is in severely rocky desertified land. After artificial simulation rainfall with 35 mm/h rainfall intensity in plots with different stages of rock desertification for 60 minutes, 0.6% to 2.71% rainwater is intercepted by vegetation and litter, 2% to 53.31% rainwater is absorbed by soil, 2.18% to 7.37% rainwater has transformed to surface runoff, 41.8%-93.41% rainwater has leaked and formed groundwater.
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