潍坊市2010～2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis on adverse events following immunization surveillance in Weifang City from 2010 to 2012

作　　者：黄炳花[1] 王绍清[1] 张洪祥[1] 郭雪艳[1] 王颖馨[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省潍坊市疾病预防控制中心,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2013年第13期145-148,152,共5页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析潍坊市2010～2012年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过AEFI监测系统,收集全市2010年1月1日～2012年12月31日报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2010～2012年全市AEFI监测系统共收到个案1893例,其中≤1岁占56.31%,男女性别比为1.34:1,报告疫苗以NIP疫苗为主;一般反应占96.62%,其中83.15%发生在接种后≤1d;异常反应占2.54%,以变态反应和卡介苗淋巴结炎为主,绝大多数患者已痊愈。估算全市NIP疫苗不良反应报告发生率为(5.05～76.00)/10万。全市2010～2012年12个县市区均有AEFI个案报告,报告县覆盖率、48h报告及时率和48h调查及时率均达到100%。结论全市AEFI系统的监测灵敏性尚待继续提高,各责任报告单位数据差异较大。AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童和NIP疫苗,为监测重点;NIP疫苗不良反应报告发生率均在预期发生范围内,安全性良好。Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in Weifang City from 2010 to 2012. And to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system and the immunization safety related to the National Immunization Program （NIP） Vaccines. Methods AEFI data was collected through the AEFI In- formation System, which reported from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012. The descriptive methodology was used. Results The city received a total of 1893 cases of AEFI monitoring system from 2010 to 2012, among them, targets aged ≤ 1 year accounted for 56.31%, the sex ratio of male and female was 1.34：1. NIP vaccine has high incidence of AEFIs. 96.62% AEFIs were common, minor reactions, with 83.15% occurred ≤ 1 after vaccination; abnormal reaction rate of 2.54%, allergy and BCG lymphadenitis mainly, the vast majority of cases had been recovered. The vaccine reaction estimated reporting rate of NIP vaccines were 5.05-76.00 per one hundred thousand. 12 counties reported to the AEFI surveillance system from 2010 to 2012. The coverage rate of reporting counties, the reported rate within within 48 th and the investigated rate within 48 th were 100%. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance is still low and uneven between reporting units. AEFIs are often occurred in young children and NIP vaccines, and they are the focus of the AEFI surveillance. The estimate reporting rate of vaccine reactions of NIP vaccines are not over the expected, the vaccines safety is well.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 分析 疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]