“北欧模式”理念的建构、扩展与变迁——一项社会政策的考察  

Origins,Developments and Transformations of the Idea of the Nordic Model——A Social Policy Perspective

作　　者：张佳华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2013年第2期105-119,1,共15页Chinese Journal of European Studies

摘　　要："北欧模式"是欧洲社会政策研究中的热点议题。社会政策视野中的"北欧模式"理念是对20世纪30年代以来北欧各国社会政策实践的理论提炼。基于20世纪60、70年代英美学者的比较社会政策研究,北欧学者从70年代末开始对"北欧模式"进行本土化的理论建构。这一理念的内涵从20世纪80年代的普惠主义、广泛性、平等主义和社会团结,逐渐拓展到90年代的性别平等和社会服务维度。进入21世纪,为了适应知识经济和"后福利国家"时代的新环境,强调家庭政策和积极的劳动力市场政策的社会投资思想成为"北欧模式"理念中的重要内容。对"北欧模式"理念的研究是一项理想类型意义上的考察,它与北欧四国的社会政策实践存在一定的差异。As a much discussed topic in the European social policy debates,the idea of the Nordic model is in fact a theoretical construction of the practice in the Nordic countries since the 1930s.Based on and inspired by the Anglo-Saxon welfare-state typology in the 1960s and 1970s,the scholars from the Nordic countries have expanded this idea based on universalism,comprehensiveness,egalitarianism and social solidarity in the 1980s to include gender equality and social service in the 1990s.In the 21st Century,social investment that emphasizes family policy and active labor market has been incorporated into the idea of the Nordic model in order to cope with the knowledge economy and a post-welfare-state era.However,the research on the idea of the Nordic model should be treated only as an exploration of an ideal type,since the social policy practice in the Nordic countries may not be identical to this model.

关 键 词：北欧模式 理念 社会政策 建构 

分 类 号：D523-31[政治法律—政治学]