基于运费最低的中国原油管道网络空间优化研究  

Spatial Optimization of Eastern China’s Crude Oil Pipeline Network

作　　者：杨足膺[1] 赵媛[1,2] 黄克龙[1] 郝丽莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]南京师范大学金陵女子学院,南京210097

出　　处：《资源科学》2013年第4期722-728,共7页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40971289);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41101541);教育部博士学科点专项科研基金项目(编号:20093207110010);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目;江苏省高校自然科学研究计划项目(编号:10KJB170006);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(编号:CXZZ12_0398)

摘　　要：以规模及运量最大的中国东部原油管网为研究对象,选取2009年37条管道和满洲里-大庆铁路、20个主要油田及港口(口岸)、32个主要炼厂,建立原油供需平衡表,基于运费最低并考虑到不同管径管道的运输成本差异,结合空间分析与线性规划的研究思路与方法,对东部原油管网进行空间优化研究及分类评价,结果表明:①2009年中国东部原油管网优化运费较实际运费减少了34.5%,表明原油管网总体流通效率不高,具有较大提升空间;②东北地区各管道流通状况相对较好;华北地区管道均为负荷不足或无负荷类型,流通效率不高;华东地区黄淮分区的多数管道为负荷不足类型,仅有两条百万吨流量管道为良好类型,长江中下游分区的甬沪宁线和仪金线为超负荷类型。Eastern China＇s crude oil pipeline network owns the largest number of regional pipelines, and is of the largest network scale and the biggest oil transportation. Here, we analyze 37 oil pipelines and one railway （38 oil flow channels）, 20 oil fields with output of over a million tons of crude oil, and 32 refineries which refine over a million tons of crude oil. We construct a supply and demand balance table of oil output and input fields by considering the transportation cost variance of different pipelines with different diameters, to determine the spatial optimization of eastern China＇s pipeline network. In 2009, the optimal cost of eastern China＇s pipeline network was a 34.5% decrease compared with the total actual cost, suggesting that oil flow efficiency is overall insufficient, and there is a huge potential for efficiency. The oil flow condition of northeast China＇s network was relatively better than others, but the condition in north China is inefficient because all pipelines are under insufficient load or no load, and there was a similar condition in Huanghuai region of east China. We assumed no difference in pipeline transport speed because of relatively low transportation for pipelines, compared to rail or road transportation. Transportation distance is the main influential factor, and not time, under the definite transporting cost of different pipelines with different diameters.

关 键 词：优化流量计算模型 流通类型 东部原油管网 空间优化 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F224