三维对流云盐粉催化模式的发展和催化模拟试验  

Development of Salt-Seeding Scheme in 3-D Convective Cloud Model and Seeding Simulation

作　　者：楼小凤[1] 何观芳[1] 胡志晋[1] 张邢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2013年第2期491-500,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2011Z005);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB403404);公益性行业科研专项经费项目(GYHY201106031;2004DIB3J116);国家自然科学基金项目(41075100;41275148)共同资助

摘　　要：在三维混合相对流云模式中发展了盐粉催化方案,该方案考虑了盐粒与云雨滴和冰相粒子间的相互作用,模式中增加了盐溶滴的质量Qn和浓度Nn两个预报量。利用盐粉催化模式进行了个例模拟试验,并对催化结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,当采用30个.L-1剂量的盐粉两次催化时,催化效果较好,地面总降水量可增加10%;当催化剂量减少时,增雨效果不明显。同时催化剂量超过1 000个.L-1,可导致降水总量减少。催化时间提前或延后都会影响增雨效果。模拟第70min后出现了少量的减雨,并持续到降水结束。通过分析催化后云中水成物,发现盐粉催化不仅影响了暖雨过程,而且云雨滴通过冻结形成霰等过程也影响了冷雨过程。A salt-seeding scheme is developed in a 3-D convective cloud model, considering the micro- physical processes between the salt particle and liquid and ice particles. Two prognostic variables are added： mixing ratio and number concentration of salt particle （Qn and Nn）. Using the salt-seeding model, a series of seeding simulations are made. Good seeding effect can be produced by 30 L-1 seeding dose with two times seeding, which can caused total rainfall increased 10%, the rain enhancement effect is limited with less dose. Meanwhile, the total rainfall is reduced with seeding dose more than 1 000 L 1. Seeding time point also affect net rain enhancement amount. Seeding and natural clouds own the same precipitation time period. After 70th min, the negative seeding effect appeares to the end of precipitation, Salt seeding changes not only the warm cloud processes, but also the graupel and cold rain processes.

关 键 词：盐粉催化方案 三维对流云模式 催化模拟 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]