无融合生殖悬铃叶苎麻(Boehmeria tricuspis)多倍性发生的染色体行为研究  

Study on Chromosome Behavior in Polyploidy of Apomictic Boehmeria tricuspis

作　　者：邱财生[1] 程超华[1] 赵立宁[1] 李育君[1] 臧巩固[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,长沙410205

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2013年第3期577-580,共4页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期项目(2003CCA00400);国家自然科学基金项目(39880034)

摘　　要：对无融合生殖悬铃叶苎麻(2n=42)和有性生殖悬铃叶苎麻(2n=28)花粉母细胞(PMC)减数分裂行为进行比较研究,从而推断两者之间的进化关系;探索无融合生殖悬铃叶苎麻(B.tricuspis)发生的细胞遗传学基础,为无融合生殖发生的遗传学研究提供理论依据。在无融合生殖类型经诱导所产生的PMC的减数分裂过程中,发现有丰富的三价体形成,属典型的同源三倍体减数分裂行为特征;而有性生殖类型PMC的减数分裂行为绝大多数正常,但也存在少量异常现象。其中有些异常行为,可能与未减数配子(2n)的形成紧密相关。因而推断,在有性生殖类型的生殖过程中,可能发生了未减数配子(2n)与减数配子(n)的融合,产生了同源三倍体合子,这应该是无融合生殖悬铃叶苎麻发生的重要的细胞遗传学基础。The objective of this paper was to investigate the cytogenetic basis for origin of triploid apomictic Boehmeria tricuspis. We developed a study on the meiosis of PMC between the triploid apomictic B. tricuspis and the diploid sexual B. tricuspis. Rich trivalents were found in the PMC meiosis of triploid apomictic B. tricuspis showed it was a autotriploid. In the sexual B. tricuspis,the PMC meiosis usually be normal. But a few were abnormal and some of their behavior might led to the occurrence of 2n gamete. The fusion of 2n gamete and n gamete might led to auto triploid apomictic plants. This would be the cytogenetic basic event for the origin of triploid apomictic B. tricuspis.

关 键 词：无融合生殖 悬铃叶苎麻 染色体 减数分裂 倍性发生 

分 类 号：S563.1[农业科学—作物学]