黄土高原植物群落演替过程中的β多样性变化  被引量:15

Change patterns of β-diversity in the succession process of plant communities on Loess Plateau of Northwest China

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作  者:王世雄[1] 王孝安[1] 郭华[1] 

机构地区:[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出  处:《生态学杂志》2013年第5期1135-1140,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基  金:国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB111505);陕西师范大学优秀科技预研项目(201002001)资助

摘  要:采用空间代替时间的方法,以黄土高原子午岭林区6个处于不同演替阶段的植物群落为研究对象,通过β多样性的加性分解方法,揭示了群落演替过程中的β多样性及其成分(物种内嵌成分和物种更替成分)的变化规律。结果表明:在黄土高原群落演替过程中,β多样性在不同的层次呈现不同的变化规律,草本层物种呈现明显的单峰变化趋势,即随演替进展,β多样性逐渐增加,在灌丛演替到白桦群落阶段时达最大值,之后β多样性逐渐减小;灌木层β多样性随演替进展逐渐减小,而乔木层β多样性随演替进展逐渐增大;黄土高原群落演替过程中的β多样性变化由物种内嵌和物种更替2种过程共同完成,二者的相对贡献变异于不用的演替阶段和不同的物种层次,但以物种更替为主导过程;从物种多样性保护的角度考虑,应该尽可能多地保存不同的群落类型,而不是少数几个物种较丰富的群落类型。By the method of substituting temporal change with spatial difference, and through the additive partitioning ofβ-diversity, this paper studied the change patterns of β-diversity and its components (nestedness component and species replacement component) of six plant communi- ties along a succession gradient in the Ziwu Mountain of Loess Plateau, Northwest China. During the process of the community succession, the β-diversity in herb layer presented an obvious hump-shaped pattern, i. e. , increased with succession and peaked from shrub to birch stage, the β-diversity in shrub layer decreased gradually, while that in tree layer increased gradually. All the changes in the β-diversity during the process of the community succession were accomplished by the nestedness component and species replacement, and the contributions of them varied with succession stage and species layer. Overall, species replacement had dominant effects on the β- diversity at all succession stages and in different species layers. From the viewpoint of species di- versity conservation, it would be necessary to conserve more different communities as possible, rather than the fewer communities with richer species diversity.

关 键 词:物种周转 物种内嵌成分 物种更替成分 群落相似性 加性分解 

分 类 号:Q948.11[生物学—植物学]

 

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