不同耕法和培肥措施组合对农田有机碳的影响  

Effects of different combinations of tillage modes and fertilization measures on cropland soil organic carbon

作　　者：邹娟秀[1] 隋鹏[1] 高旺盛[1] 陈源泉[1] 张建省[1] 石彦琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/循环农业发展研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第5期1227-1232,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B15;2012BAD14B03);国家自然科学基金项目(30900875)资助

摘　　要：通过2009—2012年在河北吴桥开展旋耕、深松、翻耕、免耕4种耕法以及有机肥、秸秆、化肥3种培肥措施的田间定位试验,分析了0～20cm耕层土壤总有机碳(TOC)和颗粒有机碳(POC)的变化。结果表明:连年进行耕作处理不同程度地降低了土壤碳的固定,免耕相对能够较好地维持耕层土壤碳的固定;与连续免耕相比,深松一年后免耕2年能够使土壤截留更多的碳,且深松一年后免耕2年处理的TOC和POC比连续免耕3年的处理分别高8%和2%;翻耕一年后免耕2年有利于土壤碳的恢复,其TOC与连续3年免耕的TOC比值能够从0.74恢复到0.93,其POC与连续3年免耕的POC比值能够从0.59恢复到0.94。维持耕层土壤碳固定效果最好的培肥措施是有机肥+化肥,其次是秸秆+化肥,单施化肥最差。综合来看,在华北平原有利于土壤碳固定的耕法和培肥措施组合是,深松一次后施行2年的免耕,同时配合有机肥或秸秆还田。To examine the effects of different tillage modes and fertilization measures on the crop- land soil organic carbon in the North China Plain, a field experiment was conducted in the Wu- qiao County of Hebei Province in 2009-2012. Four tillage treatments （rotary tillage, RT; sub- soiling, ST; plough tillage, PT; no-tillage, NT） combined with three fertilization measures （ma- nure and chemical fertilizer, MF; straw-returning and chemical fertilizer, SF; chemical fertiliz- er, CF） were installed, and the variations of total organic carbon （TOC） and particulate organic carbon （POC） contents in 0-20 cm soil layer were observed. Three-year continuous tillage （ in- cluding RT, ST, and PT） decreased the soil carbon sequestration to some extent, while no-till- age was conducive to the increase of the carbon sequestration. As compared with 3-year continu- ous no-tillage, 2-year no-tillage after 1-year subsoiling could sequestrate more carbon, and the TOC and POC contents were 8% and 2% higher, respectively. Two-year NT after 1-year PT benefited the restoration of soil carbon, its TOC ratio being restored from 0.74 under 3-year con- tinuous NT to 0.93, and its POC ratio being restored from 0.59 to 0.94. As for the fertilization measures, MF had the best effect on maintaining soil carbon sequestration, followed by SF, and CF. In sum, the optimal combination of tillage mode and fertilization measure for the soil carbon sequestration in North China Plain could be with manure application or straw-returning. sub-soiling once followed 2-year no-tillage, combined

关 键 词：总有机碳 颗粒有机碳 翻耕 免耕 深松 旋耕 秸秆还田 有机肥 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]