牛背梁自然保护区不同海拔高度森林土壤养分特征分析  

Forest soil nutrient characteristics at different altitudes in Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve

作　　者：吕世丽[1] 李新平[1,2] 李文斌[2] 慕小艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期161-168,177,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省林业厅资助项目(SDNB2010)

摘　　要：【目的】分析秦岭牛背梁自然保护区内土壤养分空间的分异状况及其与海拔高度的关系,为研究森林生态及合理利用与保护该地区森林资源提供依据。【方法】采取1 248～2 625m海拔16个完整土壤剖面的土壤样品,室内测定土壤基本养分含量和pH值,应用统计学软件对各土壤养分含量与海拔高度进行相关分析。【结果】1)保护区内的土壤养分指标在整个土壤剖面的空间分异范围分别为:土壤pH 5.35～6.65,有机质含量5.65～74.84g/kg,土壤全氮含量0.30～5.43g/kg,碱解氮含量106.64～208.66mg/kg,全磷含量0.45～1.30g/kg,速效磷含量0.44～6.82mg/kg,全钾含量14.88～18.78g/kg,速效钾含量26.18～277.00mg/kg。2)土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和速效磷含量的空间分异度较大,土壤pH值和全钾含量的空间分异度较小;随着土层深度的增加,土壤pH值、全钾、速效钾含量的空间分异程度降低,而土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量的空间分异程度则增大。3)土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾含量均与海拔之间呈现明显的相关性,各养分含量的极值多出现在海拔1 900～2 000m,上述养分含量随海拔高度变化的变异规律各异。【结论】牛背梁国家级森林自然保护区不同海拔高度森林土壤养分状况存在差异,土壤各养分之间不是孤立存在的,而是存在一定的相关性。[Objective] This study analyzed the relationship between the space differentiation of soil nu- trient and the altitude in Qinling Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve to improve the studies on ecological conditions, utilization, and protection of forest resources. [Method] The basic soil nutrient contents and pH values of soil samples,taken from 16 complete soil profiles at the altitude range of 1 248-2 625 m, were measured before statistics software was used for correlation analysis. [Result] 1）The spatial distribution ranges of soil nutrient indexes in Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve of pH, organic matter, total N, available N,total P,available P,total K,and available K were 5.35-6.65,5.65-74.84 g/kg,0. 30-5. 43 g/kg, 106.64-208.66 mg/kg,0.45-1.30 g/kg,0.44-6.82 mg/kg, 14.88-18. 78 g/kg,and 26. 18-277.00 mg/kg,respectively. 2）The spatial variation degrees of soil organic matter, total N, total P and a- vailable P were large,whereas soil pH values and total K were small. The spatial variation degrees of soil pH values,total K and available K decreased from surface to deep soil,whereas organic matter,soil total N and available N increased. 3）Correlation analysis showed that the contents of soil organic matter,total N, P, K, available N, P, K, and soil pH values significantly correlated to altitude. The soil nutrient contents extremum were more appeared at altitudes from 1 900 to 2 000 m,and then gradually reduced along with increase of sampling altitude. [Conclusion] The soil nutrients among different altitudes were significant different in Niubeiliang National Natural Reserve,and the nutrients correlated with each other.

关 键 词：牛背梁国家级森林自然保护区 土壤养分 海拔 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]