2种婆婆纳属植株水浸提液对6种受体植物的化感作用  

Allelopathic effects of water extractions from two Veronica species on 6 kinds of receiving crops

作　　者：王云[1] 符亮[1] 龙凤玲[1] 刘叶[1] 赵东海[1] 李丽[1] 周国峰[1] 周国庆[1] 彭友林[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院生命科学学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期178-190,共13页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省科技厅一般项目(04NK3087;06CK3049;08NK3040;09CK3021;11FJ3164);湖南省"十二五"重点建设学科"作物遗传与育种学科"资助项目(湘教通〔2011〕76号);湖南常德市科技局重点项目(2008SK01);湖南文理学院创新团队项目(05CX01)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨外来入侵杂草波斯婆婆纳(Veronica persica)和直立婆婆纳(V.arvensis)不同部位水浸提液对豇豆、蕹菜、玉米、菜豆、南瓜、辣椒等6种农作物的化感效应和作用规律,为研究波斯婆婆纳和直立婆婆纳的入侵机理及其有效防除提供依据。【方法】采用室内离体生测法,以蒸馏水为对照,研究波斯婆婆纳和直立婆婆纳整株及其根、茎、叶的0.05g/mL水浸提液对豇豆、蕹菜、玉米、菜豆、南瓜、辣椒等6种农作物种子发芽率、幼根长、幼根干质量、幼叶长、幼叶干质量的化感作用。【结果】波斯婆婆纳和直立婆婆纳各部位水浸提液对豇豆、蕹菜、玉米、菜豆、南瓜、辣椒等6种受体植物均表现出显著的抑制作用。综合而言,与其各自其他部位水浸提液相比,波斯婆婆纳叶水浸提液和直立婆婆纳整株水浸提液对6种受体植物的化感抑制作用最强。其中,波斯婆婆纳叶水浸提液可使上述6种受体植物种子发芽率分别下降54.6%,71.9%,5.0%,56.1%,36.7%,24.6%,幼根长度分别下降0.28,1.58,4.39,2.58,0.96,0.70cm,幼根干质量分别下降0.04,0.09,0.29,0.09,0.12,0.10mg,幼叶长度分别下降0.08,0.13,0.85,1.35,1.54,0.41cm,幼叶干质量分别下降0.04,0.05,0.22,0.45,0.55,0.24mg;直立婆婆纳整株水浸提液可使上述6种受体植物种子发芽率分别下降53.3%,43.9%,36.6%,26.7%,44.0%,30.0%,幼根长分别下降1.10,1.88,2.13,2.19,0.71,1.12cm,幼根干质量分别下降0.12,0.19,0.12,0.13,0.14,0.14mg,幼叶长分别下降0.40,0.73,0.87,1.02,1.21,0.52cm,幼叶干质量分别下降0.11,0.12,0.30,0.38,0.44,0.28mg。波斯婆婆纳各部位水浸提液对豇豆、蕹菜、玉米、菜豆、南瓜、辣椒等6种受体植物的综合化感效应指数(RI)分别为-0.229,-0.268,-0.203,-0.417,-0.461和-0.514,直立婆婆纳各部位水浸提液对上述6种受体植物的综合化感效应指数分别为-0.250,-0.371,-0.215,-0.402,-0.454和-0.633。【结论】直立婆婆纳对6[Objective] This study explored the allelopathic effects and mechanisms of water extractions from different parts of Veronica persica and V. arvensis on different receiving crops：Vigna unguiculata,I pomoea aquatica , Zea ma ys , Phaseolus vul garis , Cucurbita moschata and Capsicum annuum. It improved the understanding of invasion mechanism and effective prevention of V. persica and V. arvensis.[Method] The Petri-dishes cultivation method was used to study the effects of water extractions from whole plant, roots,stems and leaves of V. persica and V. arvensis with a concentration of 0.05 g/mL on seed germination rate,seedling root,and seedling leaf of the 6 receiving crops. [Result] V. persica and V. arvensis remarkably inhibited the six receptors, significantly decreasing their seed germination rates, root lengths, root dry masses, leaf lengths and leaf dry masses. In general, compared with the water extractions from other parts of V. persica and V. arvensis,the extractions from leaves of V. persica and the whole plant of V. arvensis had the largest inhibitory. The water extraction from leaves of V. persica decreased the seed germination rates of 6 species by 54.6%,71.9%, 5.0%, 56.1%,36.7%, and 24.6%, decreased their root lengths by 0. 28,1. 58,4. 39,2. 58,0. 96,and 0.70 cm,decreased their root dry masses by 0. 04,0. 09,0. 29,0. 09, 0.12,and 0.10 mg,decreased their leaf lengths by 0.08,0.13,0.85,1.35,1.54,and 0.41 cm,and decreased their leaf dry masses by 0. 04,0. 05,0. 22,0. 45,0. 55,and 0. 24 mg,respectivley. Accordingly,the water extraction from whole plant of V. arvensis decreased their seed germination rates by 53.3% ,43.9% ,36.6%, 26.7%,44.0%,and 30.0% ,their root lengths by 1.10,1.88,2.13,2.19,0.71,and 1.12 cm,their root dry masses by 0.12,0.19,0.12,0.13,0.14,and 0.14mg,their leaf lengths by 0. 40,0. 73,0. 87,1. 02,1. 21,and 0.52 cm,and their leaf dry masses by 0.11,0.12,0. 30,0. 38,0. 44, and 0.28 rag,respectively. The synthetic effect RIs of V. persica water extraction on the 6 receiving plants were -0

关 键 词：波斯婆婆纳 直立婆婆纳 植株水浸提液 受体植物 化感作用 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]