驯化温度与急性变温对南方鲇幼鱼皮肤呼吸代谢的影响  

Effects of temperature acclimation and acute thermal change on cutaneous respiration in juvenile southern catfish(Silurus meridionalis)

作　　者：鲜雪梅[1] 曹振东 付世建 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室重庆市动物生物学重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第8期2444-2451,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172096);重庆市科技创新能力建设项目CSTC(2010CA1010)

摘　　要：为了考查鱼类皮肤呼吸代谢的温度反应特征,在不同驯化温度(10、20、30℃)及双向急性变温(10→20℃、20→30℃、10→30℃;20→10℃、30→20℃、30→10℃)条件下采用自行设计的皮肤呼吸代谢装置测定麻醉后南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis)幼鱼的皮肤耗氧率(MO2skin)及鳃部耗氧率(MO2gill),并计算整体耗氧率(MO2total)。研究显示:南方鲇幼鱼的MO2skin占MO2total的16.4%—19.0%,随着驯化温度的升高,MO2skin上升的幅度显著低于MO2total(P<0.05),MO2skin占MO2total的比例则呈下降趋势;急性升(降)温组的MO2skin与升(降)温前驯化温度组相比显著升高(降低)(P<0.05),却与相应温度驯化组的MO2skin无显著性差异(P>0.05);急性变温组MO2skin的Q10值与驯化温度组的差异不显著(P>0.05),却显著低于MO2total的Q10值(P<0.05)。通过相关资料比较发现,南方鲇幼鱼MO2skin占MO2total的比例处于中上水平。研究表明,在驯化温度和急性变温条件下,实验鱼的MO2total分别存在代谢补偿反应和急性胁迫反应;MO2skin与MO2total的温度反应不同,它既不是一个完全的化学反应过程,也不是生物反应过程,而更倾向于是一个物理的扩散过程。Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors in the habitats of ectothermic animals and has been called the ＇ ecological master factor＇ for organisms. As ectotherms in bodies of water, fish are often subjected to large diurnal or seasonal changes in temperature, and, thus, they must adapt physiologically to the environmental temperature variation that occur over the course of their life histories. To examine the responses of cutaneous respiration in juvenile southern catfish （ Silurus meridionalis Chen） （ body mass ： （29.15±0.51 ） g ; body length ： （ 15.63±0.08 ） cm） to chronic temperature acclimation and acute temperature change （increase and decrease temperature ） and to test whether the contribution of cutaneous respiration to whole organism routine metabolism varies with chronic and acute thermal changes, the oxygen （02 ） uptake across the skin （MO2skin ） and gills （MO2giu） of anaesthetized individuals acclimated under three different temperature （10, 20 and 30℃ for 2 weeks） were measured under 10, 20 and 30℃ by self-designed fish MO2skin respirometer （patent number： 200920127987.7）. The total O2 uptake rate （MO2total） was calculated accordingly as the sum of MO2skin and MO2gill. The cutaneous O2 uptake, i.e. MO2skin were （ 12.83±0.70）, （ 18.20±0.97 ） and （22.65±2.07 ）mgO2·h^-1· kg^-1, respectively, at 10, 20 and 30℃ temperature acclimation groups, which made up 16.4%-19.0% those of total O2 uptake. The MO2skin increased more slowly than the MO2total with the increase of acclimation temperature （ P 〈 0.05 ） thus let to a smaller MO2skin ： MO2total ratio at higher temperatures. There were significant differences in the MO2total among all three temperature acclimation groups while only the MOEskin of 10℃ temperature acclimation group was significantly different from the other two temperature acclimation groups （P〈0.05）. The MO2skin of acute temperature rise groups were significantly higher than those of te

关 键 词：皮肤呼吸 驯化温度 急性变温 南方鲇 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]