论清末山东巡抚孙宝琦  

On Sun Baoqi —— Governor of Shandong in Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：李振武[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省社会科学院历史与孙中山研究所,广东广州510610

出　　处：《聊城大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第2期39-45,共7页Journal of Liaocheng University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(09BZS019):督抚与清末预备立宪研究;广东省社会科学院青年课题资助项目(2010G191):晚清地方大吏与政治改革研究

摘　　要：孙宝琦是清末政坛上思想较为开明的趋新官员,对宪政改革多有建言。辛亥革命前夕,他出任山东巡抚,本拟大展身手,但时运不济。先是莱阳地区发生大规模民众抗捐事件,孙宝琦应对失措,被舆论指为纵属苛捐、残民以逞;后又在辛亥鼎革之际,先是宣布山东独立,后又取消独立,被人视为首鼠两端,备受诟议。其实,孙宝琦的所作所为有其特定的历史环境,应作具体分析。Sun Baoqi was a liberal-minded official in the political circles of late Qing Dynasty, and he made many suggestions on constitutional reform. On the eve of the 1911 Revolution, he was appointed governor of Shandong, intending to give full play to his skill, but luck went against him. First, Sun Baoqi unwisely handled the massive population anti-levy incident in Laiyang region, so he was commented as ＂connive with his subordinates to impose levies excessively, in a bid for success by abusing the people＂ by the public opinion （criticized by the public opinion）. Second, at the dynastic change of 1911, he first announced the independence of Shandong, and then retracted it, which was criticized as ＂in two minds＂ . In fact, what Sun Baoqi did was in its specific historical circumstances, so it should be analyzed specifically.

关 键 词：孙宝琦 清末新政 民变 独立 愚忠 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]