再论北魏前期尚书制度的置废与变革  

On the Shangshu System of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Former Period

作　　者：徐美莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学历史文化学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《聊城大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第2期71-77,共7页Journal of Liaocheng University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：北魏前期尚书制度屡遭置废与变革,究其原因,太祖天兴元年十二月以八部大夫拟八座,是为弥补尚书八座成员难以集中办公的权宜之计,天兴二年将尚书三十六曹与诸外署通分为三百六十曹,更像是一场简化行政程序的尝试。这一尝试在两年后停止,尚书省恢复并增置代人令史、译令史以帮助部族统治成员控制尚书省。至于太祖天赐二年置武归、修勤代替郎中、令史主持省务的改革,更似内部官职改革而非再一次废弃尚书制度,因而太宗时期依然存在着尚书,并且世祖即位之初就拥有一个建制基本完整的尚书制度,并非等到他即位四年后才重建。世祖时期对尚书制度的变革使之成为与魏晋制度迥异的体系。There are some questions about the Shangshu system of the Northern Wei dynasty need to be study,lt was an expedient that made the ＂Babudafu＂ undertake the work of the ＂Bazuo＂ in december of Taizu＇ s Tianxing first year, And it was more like an attempt of simplifiling the administrative procedure when the 36 organs of the Shangshu system and the all other organs were divided into 360 in Tianxing second year, After more than two years the Shangshu system was restored, persons from the district of Dai and those who could sau more kinds of language were appointed as the ＂Lingshi＂ to help government officials to control the Shangshu system.In Tianci second year, the ＂Wugui＂ and ＂Xiuqin＂ were appointed to take the place of the ＂Langzhong＂ and ＂Lingshi＂ , which was more like an internal reform rather than abandoned the Shangshu system once again, so it still existed during Taizong＇ s period, and Shizu had a complete Shangshu system at the time when he ascended the throne. Then, the Shangshu system was reformed again in Shizu＇ s period and had been a different system from the Wei-Jin＇ s.

关 键 词：“以拟八座” 代人令史 译令史 三十六曹 

分 类 号：K235[历史地理—历史学]