回首两个教条  

Re-analysis on the "Two Dogmas of Empiricism"

作　　者：W.V.奎因[美] 

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第2期165-170,共6页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：在这篇纪念"经验论的两个教条"发表40周年的文章中,奎因重申,他对两个教条的反对立场没有改变。他表示,卡尔纳普珍爱的分析性概念,是一个没有解释力的概念。数学真理在经验内容上的缺失,数学真理那种看上去的必然性,可以从整体主义、从简单性原则和保守性原则得到更好的解释,而不需要用到分析性概念。但同时,他的立场也有一些缓和。他承认,"两个教条"中的极端整体主义是太过强硬了,温和整体主义才是更加切题的。他还令人惊讶地表示,"分析性在常识层面上无疑是有一席之地的",但他同时表示,分析性的概念在认识论上却是完全没有价值的。另外,他还介绍了"两个教条"中的一些未曾充分展开的隐喻式观点的后续发展情况。In this paper,written for commemorating the 40th anniversary of 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism',Quine reiterated that he did not change his reservations over the two dogmas.He said that Carnap's cherished analyticity is a concept which does not have explanatory power.The absence of empirical content and the seeming necessity of mathematical truths can be better explained by his holism together with the principles of simplicity and conservatism,without the benefit of analyticity.Meanwhile,he eased his positions to some extent in this paper.He acknowledged that the extreme holism in 'Two Dogmas' is too strong and that moderate holism is more to the point.In addition,he surprisingly said that 'analyticity undeniably has a place at a common-sense level'.To illustrate the obvious difference in the common sense level,he even proposed his own concept of analyticity.But he said that this concept,being a useful insight,was of no value in epistemology.Also,he explained the subsequent development of the metaphorical points in 'Two Dogmas'.

关 键 词：“经验论的两个教条” 外延主义 温和整体主义 逻辑的可修改性 

分 类 号：B082[哲学宗教—哲学理论]