狩猎采集觅食模式及其在旧石器时代考古学中的应用  

Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Models:Review and Prospect in Paleolithic Archaeology

作　　者：仪明洁[1,2] 高星[1] Robert BETTINGER 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100039 [3]Department of Anthropology,University of California-Davis,Davis,CA 95616

出　　处：《人类学学报》2013年第2期156-168,共13页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05130302);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB950203);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2007FY110200);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630965)

摘　　要：狩猎采集觅食模式是1970年代以来在西方考古学中发展起来的理论分析方法,通过借助民族学资料及模拟研究,结合考古学、古环境学、古生态学的研究数据,对石器加工技术、人类行为、社会组织结构等进行模拟与重现。本文对西方考古学对狩猎采集觅食模式的应用史加以回顾,简要介绍其基本模式,对狩猎采集觅食模式在中国旧石器时代考古学运用前景进行简单展望。During more than 99% of human evolutionary history, human beings had uniquely foraged wild food and totally depended upon resources growing in nature. A tremendous body of new research in the ecology, biology, and society of the past plus work on recent hunter- gatherers has been published since 1970s, all of which help archaeologists to observe past processes of human behavior. Incorporated with data of ethnographic hunter-gatherers, hunter- gatherer foraging models are helpful to interpret human behaviors of lithic tool production, social organization, etc. The meaning of this paper lies in a summary and history of foraging models used in archaeology. This paper presents a theoretical prediction and explanation of ancient human behavior in Chinese Paleolithic archaeology.

关 键 词：旧石器时代 狩猎采集者 觅食模式 行为模式 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]