中国图瓦人体质特征  

A Study on the Physical Characteristics of the Tuvas People of China

作　　者：郑连斌[1] 陆舜华[2] 张兴华[1] 刘海燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津市动植物抗性重点实验室,天津300387 [2]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《人类学学报》2013年第2期182-192,共11页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570978)

摘　　要：在新疆阿勒泰地区调查了图瓦人159例(男55,女104)的67项体质指标(9项观察指标和58项测量指标),计算出26项体质指数,并对身高和11项指数进行了分型统计。研究结果表明:1)图瓦人有上眼睑皱褶率为71.70%,有内眦褶率为47.80%,有耳垂率为55.97%,肤色多为浅色,发色黑色,眼色褐色。鼻根多数中等或低,男女均以中鼻型居多。鼻翼发育中等,红唇发育中等偏薄,男性耳垂三角形的最多,方形次之,女性以三角形和圆形为主。2)图瓦人男女身高均数分别为166.7cm和152.6cm,体重均数分别为71.25kg和58.93kg。按指数分型标准,中国图瓦人特圆头型率、高头型率、中鼻型率、宽胸型率、窄骨盆型率、中腿型率、长躯干型率、矮胖型率最高。男性还以阔头型率、中面型率、宽肩型率最高。女性还以阔面型率最高。3)图瓦人体质特征具蒙古人种北亚类型体质特点,与柯尔克孜族、塔塔尔族、布里亚特人体质接近。Sixty-seven physical characteristics （9 observed and 58 measured）, stature and 11 indices were assessed on 159 Tuvas adults （55 males and 104 females） from the.Altay District of the Ill Kazak Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang. Results of this research was as follows. Frequencies of the upper eyelid eyefold, the epicanthic fold, and the earlobe were 71.70%, 47.80% and 55.97% respectively. The color of the skin was mostly light, while hair was black and eyes were brown. The nasal root height was low to moderate in size. Most adults were mesorrhine and had medium sized alae nasi. The upper lip was thin to medium in height. Among males, lobe type was generally triangular but also square; in females, rounded and triangular dominated. Average body height was 166.7cm for males and 152.6cm for females, and average weight was 71.25kg and 58.93kg respectively. Typical physical characteristics of the Tuvas included： hyperbrachycephaly, hypsicephalic type, mesorrhiny, broad chest circumference, narrow distance between lilac crests, esatiskelic type, high trunk length, and squat figures. Males were of tapeinocephalic type, mesoprosopy and had broad shoulder breadth. Females were euryprosopy. In conclusion, the physical characteristics of Tuvas were similar with those of Khalkhas, Buryats and Tatars all of which belong to the North Asian type of Mongoloid.

关 键 词：人体测量 人体观察 图瓦人 中国 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]