一叶萩小孢子发生和雄配子体发育  

Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Flueggea suffruticosa(Pall.) Baill.

作　　者：魏远[1] 沈广爽[1] 刘静[1] 何真真[1] 石福臣[1] 李后魂[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《植物研究》2013年第3期260-265,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(30930014)

摘　　要：采用石蜡切片法对一叶萩(Flueggea suffruticosa(Pall.)Baill.)的小孢子发生及雄配子体的发育过程进行了解剖学研究。结果表明:一叶萩雄花含5枚雄蕊,每个花药4个花粉囊,但有个别雄花仅含4枚雄蕊,且其中一枚具7～8个花粉囊;不同花药以及同一花药各花粉囊发育不完全同步;花药壁发育为基本型,由外到内依次为表皮、药室内壁、中层(2层)和绒毡层,绒毡层为腺质绒毡层;小孢子母细胞减数分裂为同时型,产生四分体为正四面体型,也有少数对称型;有部分小孢子在四分体时期败育;成熟花粉二细胞型,圆球形,具三条萌发沟;雄花内着生无子房结构只有花柱发育的退化雌蕊;在花萼和花药中发现大量结晶体。本研究为大戟科植物生殖生物学和传粉生物学研究提供了基础资料。Microsporogenesis and the development of male gametophyte suffruticosa （Pall.） Baill. were observed by using the method of paraffin of the staminate flower in Flueggea sections. The results show that each staminate flower of F. suffruticosa has five stamens which are tetrasporangiate. There are also a few flowers with four stamens and one of the stamens has 7 - 8 pollen sacs. However, the development of different stamens or the pollen sacs in the same anther are not synchronous. The development of anther wall is the basic type, which is composed of epidermis, endothecium, middle layers （2 layers） and tapetum. The tapetum is of glandular type. The cytokinesis in meiosis of the microspore mother cells is simultaneous type. Most of the microspore tetrads are tetrahedral and a few of them are symmetrical, The microsporocytes are mostly normal while some are abnormal and degenerate at tetrad stage. The mature pollen grain is binuclear type and spherical in shape with three germ furrows. It also has been found that a pistillode without overy and much crystal in calyx and anther. These results could provide basic data for the research of reproductive biology and pollination biology in Euphorbiaceae.

关 键 词：一叶萩 大戟科 小孢子发生 雄配子体发育 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]