铬鞣革在染色加脂工序中的铬释放  

Chrome Release in Chrome-tanned Leather during Dyeing and Fatliquoring Processes

作　　者：周建[1,2] 胡书祥[1] 王亚楠[1] 张文华[1] 廖学品[1] 石碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]西南科技大学生物质材料教育部工程研究中心,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《中国皮革》2013年第9期21-24,29,共5页China Leather

基　　金：新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0358);国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC06B11);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

摘　　要：研究了铬鞣后染色和加脂工序对皮革中铬释放的影响。结果表明:单独进行染色、加脂时,染料和加脂完成渗透后,废液中铬浓度分别为30～50mg/L和70～300mg/L;经甲酸固定后,由于染料和加脂剂与铬有一定程度的结合,浴液中的一部分铬会随之重新与胶原纤维结合,使得废液中的铬浓度降低近50%。同浴染色、加脂时,铬的释放量会显著降低,因此采用该工艺是降低铬释放的有效而简单的方法。染色、加脂工序中铬的释放不会明显改变皮革的收缩温度,说明释放的铬多为物理形式沉积在皮纤维中的铬或单点结合的铬。Chrome release of chrome - tanned leather in fatliquoring and dyeing processes was investigated. It shows that the chrome concentrations in dyeing and fatliquoring wastewaters are 30 ～50mg/L and 70 ～ 300mg/L （ before fixing） , respectively, when dyeing and fatliquoring are performed individually. After fixed by formic acid, a part of chrome in float goes back to leather and bound with collagen fibers again together with dyes or fatliquors. As a result, the chrome concentration in wastewater reduces by 50% after fixing. The released chrome is obviously reduced in one - bath dyeing and fatliquoring process. So this technique is suggested to be a simple and effective approach to reduce chrome release. Interestingly, the release of chrome in fatliquoring and dyeing processes scarcely reduce the shrinkage temperature of chrome - tanned leather. This result indicates that the released chrome mainly originates from the physically precipitated chrome on collagen fibers or the chrome being weekly combined with leather.

关 键 词：铬鞣 加脂 染色 铬释放 废液 铬浓度 

分 类 号：TS544[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]