我院住院患者抗菌药物使用和院内感染调查  

Investigation of the application of antibacterial drugs in inpatients and nosocomial infection in our hospital

作　　者：唐亚娟[1] 张素红[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电网有限公司北京电力医院,北京100073

出　　处：《中国药物应用与监测》2013年第2期105-108,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring

摘　　要：目的:了解医院感染现状、抗菌药物使用情况及重要病原菌检出率,为预防和控制院内感染提供参考。方法:采用横断面调查方法,床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合,对调查日处于医院感染状态的病例的感染部位、病原菌、抗菌药物使用情况进行统计。结果:共调查住院患者368例,医院感染现患率为3.53%,例次现患率为4.08%,各科室中以重症医学科(ICU)的感染现患率(40%)最高;医院感染高发部位主要是下呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道,分别占40.00%,26.66%,20.00%;共分离出病原菌47株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主;日抗菌药物使用率为23.64%。结论:我院院内感染得到了有效控制,但对ICU的重点环节还应加强监控,应合理使用抗菌药物,降低院内感染发生率。Objective： To understand the current status of hospital infection, application of antibacterials and detection rate of important pathogen, in order to provide reference for the effective prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods： A cross-sectional survey was taken by the combination of bedside investigation and checking medical records. The data in respect of the site of infections, pathogens, application of antimicrobial agents in the infected patients on the investigation day were statistically analyzed. Results： A total of 368 cases of hospitalized patients were investigated, the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.53%, and the case prevalence rate was 4.08%, the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in ICU department was the highest （40%） in our hospital. The main nosocomial infection sites were the lower respiratory tract （40.00%）, urinary tract （26.66%） and gastrointestinal tract （20.00%）. A total of 47 strains of bacteria were isolated, with most of them belonging to gram negative bacilli. The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 23.64%. Conclusion： The nosocomial infection was effectively controlled in our hospital, but the supervision of key links in ICU should be strengthened for rational use of antimicrobials and reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 病原菌 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]