脱除铜阳极泥中贱金属的预处理工艺  

Pretreatment process for removing base metals from copper anode slime

作　　者：刘伟锋[1,2] 杨天足[1] 刘又年[2] 陈霖[1] 张杜超[1] 王安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期1332-1337,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：中南大学博士后基金资助项目(110768);2009年湖南省科技重大专项(2009FJ1007)

摘　　要：提出用碱性NaOH体系加压氧化浸出和硫酸浸出相结合的工艺预处理铜阳极泥,即铜阳极泥在碱性NaOH体系加压氧化浸出,使As和Se氧化后溶解,Cu和Te被氧化后沉淀,然后用硫酸溶液浸出碱性浸出渣中的Cu和Te,实现铜阳极泥中贱金属的有效脱除。研究结果表明:无论碱性直接浸出或酸性直接浸出,都不能有效分离铜阳极泥中的有价金属;不同强化方式下的碱性KOH体系浸出过程,都不能达到同时脱除As和Sb的目的;碱性NaOH体系加压氧化浸出在NaOH浓度为2.0 mol/L和温度为200℃时,不仅在碱性浸出过程As和Se的浸出率都达到99.0%以上,而且碱性浸出渣硫酸浸出时Cu和Te的浸出率分别达到95.64%和77.38%。The united process combining alkaline pressure oxidation leaching and sulfuric leaching was used to pretreat copper anode slime. When copper anode slime was leached by the method of alkaline pressure oxidation leaching, arsenic and selenium were dissolved into the solution, while copper, tellurium and other metals were oxidized and remained in the alkaline leaching residue. Then copper and tellurium were leached in sulfuric acid solution. The base metals containing in copper anode slime can be removed efficiently. The result shows that valuable metals cannot be separated effectively whether the direct leaching was performed in alkaline solution or sulfuric acid solution. Arsenic and antimony cannot be removed together under different oxidation methods when the process of alkaline leaching was carried out in KOH solution. When the alkaline pressure oxidation leaching was processed under the following conditions of 2.0 mol/L NaOH and temperature of 200 ℃, both the leaching ratios of arsenic and antimony can reach over 99.0%. And when the alkaline leaching residue was leached in sulfuric acid solution, the leaching ratios of copper and tellurium can come up to 95.64% and 77.38%, respectively.

关 键 词：铜阳极泥 碱性加压氧化浸出 硫酸浸出 氢氧化钾 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]