清镇市农业和农村面源污染评价与优先控制区域识别  

The Evaluation and Identification of the Prior Regions for Agriculture and Rural Non-point Pollution Control in Qingzhen

作　　者：孔祥亮[1,2] 周焱[1] 夏品华[2] 林陶[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统和生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2013年第2期164-170,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划课题"清镇农业农村面源污染控制的‘三线四带一沟三池一建’技术研究与示范"[黔科合SY(2010)3176号]

摘　　要：以贵州省中部的清镇市为研究对象,采用清单分析法及等标污染负荷法,对清镇市各乡镇的畜禽养殖、农业化肥施用、农村生活污水产生的面源污染程度进行了评价。结果表明:清镇市农业面源污染TN、TP、COD实物排放量分别为13.09×103、3.63×103、50.36×103t/年,等标排放强度分别为6.42、8.86、1.08 t/km2。其中,畜禽养殖业为主要污染源,其等标污染负荷比达到70.84%;主要污染物为TP,其等标污染负荷比达到54.15%。根据各乡镇农业和农村污染等标排放强度的聚类分析及敏感性的评价结果,清镇市农业和农村污染优先控制区域应为红枫湖镇和百花湖乡,面源污染防治应以畜禽养殖污染治理为重点。The inventory analysis method and the equivalent standard method were employed to evaluate the different types of rural non-point source pollutants i.e. chemical fertilizer, animal husbandry and rural sew-age in Qingzhen, a central city of Guizhou province. It showed that TN, TP and COD emissions from agricul-tural and rural pollution sources were 13.09 × 10^3, 3.63 × 10^3, 50.36 × 10^3 t/a, respectively, while their e-mission intensity were 6.42, 8.86, 1.08 t/km^2, respectively. The primary pollution source was animal hus-bandry, which has 70.84% value in equivalent standard method. The primary pollutant is TP, and its load ratio was 54.15%. The sensitivity evaluation identified that the town of Hongfenghu and Baihuahu were the prior regions for agriculture and rural pollution control, and the prevention of rural non-point source pollution caused by animal husbandry should be intensively implemented.

关 键 词：农业和农村污染 敏感性评价 优先控制区域识别 清镇市 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]