“螺威”植物杀螺剂现场灭螺效果研究与示范Ⅰ湖沼地区草洲喷洒灭螺效果观察  

Field evaluation of a novel plant molluscicide“Luo wei”against Oncomelania hupensis Ⅰ Molluscicidal effect by the spraying method in lake and marshland regions

作　　者：贾铁武[1] 孙乐平[2] 洪青标[2] 陶波 蔡建新 李岳生[5] 林丹丹 喻鑫玲[5] 周晓农[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织疟疾,血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025 [2]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,卫生部寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室 [3]江西省星子县血吸虫病防治站 [4]湖南省华容县血吸虫病防治工作领导小组办公室 [5]湖南省血吸虫病防治所 [6]江西省寄生虫病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2013年第2期125-128,共4页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B07);国家重大科技专项(2008ZX1004 11)

摘　　要：目的评价植物杀螺剂4%螺威(TDS)在湖沼地区现场灭螺效果,为大规模现场应用提供科学依据。方法在江西省星子县和湖南省华容县各选择1个环境采用5 g/m2TDS进行喷洒灭螺试验,并与2 g/m250%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐(WPN)进行对比观察,统计分析不同地区、不同药物、不同时间现场杀螺效果。结果星子和华容2个现场灭螺后1、3、7、15 d,TDS组与WPN组钉螺死亡率总体均呈逐渐升高趋势。灭螺后15 d,星子现场TDS组与WPN组钉螺死亡率分别为86.53%和83.04%,华容现场TDS组与WPN组钉螺死亡率分别为88.28%和93.69%;星子和华容现场TDS组活螺密度下降率分别为88.86%和87.99%,WPN组活螺密度下降率分别为85.29%和93.53%。结论TDS在湖沼型血吸虫病流行区现场杀螺效果较好,具备了开展现场推广应用的条件。Objective To evaluate the field effect of a novel plant molluscicide ＂Luo-wei＂ （Tea-seed distilled saponins, TDS） against Oncomelania hupensis in the lake and marshland regions. Methods A spraying experiment was carried out in the grassland of two schistosomiasis endemic counties, including Xingzi in Jiangxi Province and the Huarong in Hunan Province, to assess the molluscicidal effect of 4% TDS comparing with 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt （WPN）. The Z2 test was used to examine the differences between regions, molluscicides, or days after spraying. Results Following 1, 3, 7, and 15 days of test, the snail mortality showed a simultaneous increase both in TDS group （70.43%-86.88%） and WPN group （70.21%-85.35%）. There is no significant difference between TDS and WPN of day 1, 7 and 15 （all P values 〉 0.05）, but except for day 3 （ c2=3.910, P = 0.048）. By the end of day 15, the snail mortality for TDS was 86.53% in Xingzi and 88.28% in Hua- rong, while for WPN was 83.04% in Xingzi and 93.69% in Huarong respectively; the decline rate of snail density for TDS was 85.29% in Xingzi and 93.53% in Huarong, while for WPN was 85.29% in Xingzi and 93.53% in Huarong respectively. The adjust- ed mortality of different days ranged from 69.63% to 86.54% in the the TDS group, and 69.41% to 86.54% in the WPN group. Conclusion The molluseicidal effect of TDS by spraying is similar to that of WPN. It is time to popularize this new plant mollusci- eide （TDS） in a wider field.

关 键 词：钉螺 螺威 氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐 杀螺效果 植物杀螺剂 现场评价 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]