棉花新品种数量性状的典型相关及通径分析  

Path analysis and canonical correlation of quantitative characters of new cotton varieties

作　　者：孙长法 

机构地区：[1]新乡市锦科棉花研究所,河南新乡453731

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期9-14,共6页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(112102110089)

摘　　要：探讨棉花数量性状间相互影响的机理，以期明确制约棉花产量与纤维品质的主要因素，为兼顾早熟、高产与优质棉花新品种的选育提供理论依据．根据2008及2009两年参加新疆自治区棉花新品种区试中早熟2组包含19个品种的17个数量性状的试验资料，对早熟性状组（I）、产量性状组（II）和品质性状组（III）进行典型相关分析，并将产量性状对皮棉产量、植株性状对产量因素分别进行通径分析．结果表明：性状组I与II、I与III、II与III间的典型相关均达显著水平（rI．Ⅱ=0．8507、rⅡ．Ⅲ：=0．8568’，rⅡ．Ⅲ=0．9261）．产量因素对皮棉产量的直接效应依次为衣分（0．8323）〉株铃（0．5348）〉籽指（0．1938）〉铃重（0．0681）．生育期对霜前花率直接负效应（-0．9758）达极显著水平、对株铃的直接负效应（-0．7149’）达显著水平，植株生育性状对其他产量因素的直接效应均不显著．在育种实践中，宜选取生育期135—140d、果枝始节5-6节、株高75～85cm，有望增加株铃，增收霜前花，在主攻结铃性强、株铃多的性状的前提下，应谨防铃重、衣分趋低，三个产量因素协调发展是实现皮棉增产的关键．To research and explore mechanism of interaction of cotton quantity characters in order to restrict the main factors of cotton yield and fiber quality and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of early-maturing,high yield and good quality new cotton varieties.The research material is 17 quantity characters of 19 testing varieties about early-maturing group 2 during new cotton varieties region test in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2008 and 2009.The canonical correlation analysis was used for the research of early-maturing traits （I）,yield traits （II） and fiber quality traits （III）.The path coefficient analysis was used for the research of yield traits to lint yield and plant traits to yield trait respectively.The result showed that the canonical correlation coefficients of early- maturing traits（I） and yield traits（II）,early-maturing traits（I） and quality traits（III）,yield traits（II） and fiber quality traits（Ill） all reached significant levels（ri.~=0.850 7＂,r~.t~=0.856 8＂,r~.~=0.926 l＊）.The direct effects of the yield traits for lint yield ranked as lint percentage（0.832 3＂）〉 plant bolls（0.534 8＂） 〉seed index（0.193 8）〉 boll weight （0.068 1 ）.The direct negative effect（-0.975 8＂） of the growth period for percentage of prefrost lint yield and that （-0.714 9＊） of the growth period for per plant bolls were significant at 0.01 and 0.05 level respectively.The direct effects of the plant growth traits for the other yield traits was not significant.In cotton breeding practice,selecting the growth period 135-140 days,first branch 5-6 sections,plant height 75-85 cm would be advantageous to increase bolls per plant and prefrost lint yield.But when pushing plant characters of stronger bearing bolls and more plant bolls,attention should be paid to prevent the decrease of boll weight and lint percentage.

关 键 词：早熟性状 产量性状 纤维品质性状 典型相关 通径分析 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]