《朱子语类》猜测概念词语类聚考探  

Investigation on the Meaning of Guess Words Cluster in Zhuzi Yulei

作　　者：徐时仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学古籍研究所,上海200234

出　　处：《合肥师范学院学报》2013年第1期30-36,共7页Journal of Hefei Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(10&ZD104);国家社会科学基金项目(08BYY044)

摘　　要：词汇系统由一个个概念词语类聚互相关联构成,同一概念的词语类聚相当于一个词汇场。猜测运动是人们运用已有的知识经验推断估量未知情况或未来事物的行为,也是人们运用推理思维对特定事件进行预测的手段。《朱子语类》表达猜测概念的词中,"猜"侧重于疑忌;"揣"侧重于推想;"抟"侧重于估量;"度"侧重于判断;"料"侧重于预测;"量"侧重于权衡;"测"多用于探测深奥幽隐微妙的事物,"忖"侧重于思量;"臆"多用于没有事实根据的主观猜测;"意"多用于内心的想法;"揆"侧重于度量;"逆"侧重于迎合;"摸"侧重于探索。Vocabulary system is composed of words and expressions of the same meaning which is equal to a vocabulary field.Guess is not only a behavior in which people speculate the unknown with their experience,but also a method people deduct the specific matter.Among the words in Zhuzi Yulei,＂猜＂ lays special emphasis on doubt;＂揣＂ lays special emphasis on speculation and think;＂抟＂ lays special emphasis on estimation;＂度＂ lays special emphasis on judgement;＂料＂ lays special emphasis on precognition;＂量＂ lays special emphasis on balance;＂测＂ mostly used to describe exploring the delicate;＂忖＂ lays special emphasis on think;＂臆＂ mostly used to describe guessing subjectively without facts;＂意＂ mostly used to describe people＇s ideas;＂揆＂ lays special emphasis on estimation;＂逆＂ lays special emphasis on catering;＂摸＂ lays special emphasis on exploring.

关 键 词：《朱子语类》 猜测范畴 词语类聚 

分 类 号：H109.3[语言文字—汉语]