蓟运河故道消落带盐碱地土壤种子库特征  

Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks in Saline Land of Hydro-fluctuation Belt Along Old Channel of Jiyun River

作　　者：翟付群[1] 莫训强[1] 李洪远[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第2期193-197,202,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项"土壤有机碳项目"(201111015);天津市科技兴海科研项目(KJXH2011-10);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(11JCZDJC24500)

摘　　要：通过对蓟运河故道消落带的土壤种子进行萌发实验,确定了土壤种子库的物种组成、物种多样性指数和相似性指数,并对土壤种子库的物种特征进行了空间层次分析。结果表明:(1)蓟运河故道消落带土壤种子库共有16种植物,隶属于8科15属,其中藜科4种,菊科5种。3个区域土壤种子库物种相对多度和密度大小分布顺序为:洪淹区>偶淹区>常淹区。(2)不同区域种子库的Shannon—Wiener指数和Margalef丰富度指数随着水位的降低呈下降趋势,而生态优势度和Pielou均匀度指数有增大趋势。(3)种子库的空间分布特征明显,其中0—5cm层种子数量最多,为623粒/m2;同时3个区域种子数量差异显著,洪淹区土壤种子库物种数量比偶淹区和常淹区分别多出253和353粒/m2,而偶淹区土壤种子库物种数量与常淹区仅相差100粒/m2。Seed germination experiments were conducted on the soils collected in the hydro-fluctuation belt along the old channel of Jiyun River. The soil seed bank composition, species diversity, and their similarity and spatial distribution were discussed. Overall, 16 species including 4 species of chenopodiaceae and 5 species of asteraceae, belonging to 8 families and 15 genera, were identified in the soils. Species relative abun- dance and density distribution of the soil seed bank differed in topographic positions, in a descending order as heavily flooded area〉incidentally flooded area〉frequently flooded area. The Shannon-Wiener index and the Margalef Richness Index decreased with water levels, while ecological dominance and Pielou evenness index showed an opposite trend. The seed bank also varied spatially. The 0-5 cm layer was the richest in all three areas in terms of seed number, with a quantity of 623 per m^2. Meanwhile, the seed numbers differed significantly in the three areas; the seed number of heavily flooded area was 253 and 353 per m^2 more than that of the incidentally flooded area and frequently flooded area.

关 键 词：消落带 土壤种子库 蓟运河 

分 类 号：Q142.3[生物学—生态学]