车用废润滑油中酸性组分的高分辨质谱分析  

Composition and Distribution of Acidic Components in Used Vehicle Lubricating Oil Identified by Negative Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

作　　者：黎小辉[1] 朱建华[1] 武本成[1] 周勇[1] 茅新华 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学化学工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油工程建设公司伊拉克分公司,北京100120

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2013年第2期341-347,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

摘　　要：车用新鲜及废润滑油样品的傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表明,两者中均存在羧基及羟基官能团,即存在酸性组分。利用具有超高分辨率的负离子电喷雾-傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱仪(negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS)分析了车用新鲜及废润滑油中酸性化合物的组成及分布。结果表明,从新鲜润滑油中鉴定出的酸性化合物主要为O3、O1及O2类,而从废润滑油中鉴定出的酸性化合物则主要为O3、O2、O4及O1类。经对比分析可知,新鲜润滑油中的酸性化合物在废润滑油中均存在,其种类及所占比例基本未发生变化,但绝对含量不同;废润滑油中新产生的O3、O2及O1类酸性化合物种类较多,但其所占比例较小;车用新鲜与废润滑油中酸性组分的显著差异在于后者中产生了前者所没有的O4类化合物,且所占比例较大。The existence of the functional groups of carboxyl and hydroxyl in FT-IR spectrum indicated that there existed acidic components both in fresh and used vehicle lubricating oil. The composition and distribution of acidic compounds in fresh and used vehicle lubricating oil were identified by employing negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry（negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS）. The results demonstrated that the identified acidic compounds in fresh vehicle lubricating oil were O3，O1 and O2 class species, while O3，O2，O4 and O1 class species existed in used vehicle lubricating oil. By comparison and further analysis, it was found that almost all of the acidic compounds in fresh vehicle lubricating oil could be found in used vehicle lubricating oil, and the number of species and their proportion were essentially unchanged, but the absolute abundance were different. The number of species of O3，O2 and O1 class which yielded in used vehicle lubricating oil were large but with small proportion. The remarkable point was that the considerable amount of O4 class species was found in used vehicle lubricating oil, but it was not found in fresh vehicle lubricating oil. 

关 键 词：车用废润滑油 酸性组分 高分辨质谱(ESI FT-ICR MS) 

分 类 号：TE626.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]