施氮量对超级双季早稻产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Super Early Rice

作　　者：刘桃菊[1] 朱冰[1] 王润寒[1] 潘星哲[1] 江绍琳[1] 唐建军[1] 罗真[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第12期30-34,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江西省教育厅自然科学项目"氮肥运筹对超级稻氮素吸收利用及产量形成影响的研究"(GJJ09174);国家自然科学基金项目"基于冠层反射光谱的双季稻氮素营养诊断及其调控决策模型研究"(31160252)

摘　　要：为探讨施氮量对超级双季早稻产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响,以超级杂交早稻‘新丰优22’和‘金优458’为材料,设置6个施氮水平,研究不同施氮量对超级双季早稻产量和氮肥吸收利用的影响。结果表明：施氮处理水稻产量显著高于不施氮处理,‘新丰优22’最高的N4比N0提高了120.86%,‘金优458’N4比N0提高了145.34%,在0~195kg/hm2范围内,籽粒产量随施氮量的增加而增加,当氮肥施用量达到195kg/hm2时产量最高,而后有所下降;在低氮水平下,增加氮肥施用量有利于提高单位面积水稻有效穗数、稻谷和稻草的氮吸收量;成熟期籽粒含氮量随施氮量的增加有明显增加的趋势;氮肥农学效率和氮肥偏生产力均随施氮量的增加而降低,‘金优458’氮肥农学效率是N1〉N2〉N3〉N4〉N5,‘新丰优22’为N1〉N4〉N2〉N3〉N5。To explore the effect of nitrogen application on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of super early rice, super early rice ‘Xinfengyou22’ and ‘Jinyou458’ was used as a test materials, designed 6 level of nitrogen, the effects of different nitrogen application on super double season early rice yield and nitrogen using efficiency were studied. The results showed that, the yield of the nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than N0, ‘Xinfengyou22’ N4 than N0 120.86%, ‘Jinyou458’ N4 than N0 145.34%, in 0-195 kg/hm2 range, the grain yield with nitrogen increased, when nitrogen application up to 195 kg/hm2 yield was the supreme, and then is decreased. In the low nitrogen level, increase nitrogen application was beneficial to improve rice effective panicles per unit area, grain and straw nitrogen uptake. Nitrogen content of the grain in the mature period with the increased amount of nitrogen significantly increased trend. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity was decreased with the increased amount of nitrogen, nitrogen agronomic efficiency of ‘Jinyou458’ was N1〉N2〉N3〉N4〉N5, ‘Xinfengyou22’ was N1 〉 N4 〉 N2 〉 N3 〉 N5.

关 键 词：氮肥施用量 超级杂交早稻 产量 氮肥吸收利用 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]