气管切开手术后并发症防治与护理  

Prevention and treatment of complications and nursing after tracheotomy operation

作　　者：方慧[1] 姬绍先[1] 欧阳九鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉中心医院神经外科,430014

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2013年第5期79-81,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨气管切开手术后并发症预防、治疗及护理策略。方法:回顾性总结分析气管切开患者中发生术后并发症临床表现和分类,发生的原因和治疗,结合文献探讨术后并发症的防护策略。结果:气管切开手术198例,发生并发症33例。其中切口出血6例,呼吸道内出血3例,皮下气肿3例,切口感染10例,呼吸道感染3例,套管反流食物2例,气管食管瘘1例,气管皮肤窦道形成2例,拔管后呼吸困难及气管狭窄2例,气管固定带压伤1例。针对性治疗护理,并发症都得到控制,带套管出院3例。结论:气管切开手术后并发症时有发生,临床护士应该严格执行气管切开护理常规,早期发现,及时正确的处理,是预防和治疗并发症的重要环节。Objective：To investigate the tmcheotomy operation complication prevention, treatment and nursing strategy. Methods：Retrospective analysis of tracheal incision occurred in patients with clinical manifestations and complications after classification, causes and treatment of the protective strategies,pest- operative complications and combined with literature. Results：The operation of 198 cases of tracheotomy,33 cases had complications. Among the 6 cases of incision bleeding,respiratory tract hemorthaga in 3 cases,3 cases of subcutaneous emphysema, 10 case of incision infection ,3 cases of respiratory tract infec- tion,casing regurgitated food in 2 cases,1 case of tracheoesophageal fistula,tracheal skin sinus formation in 2 cases,breathing difficulties and tracheal extu- bation of tracheal stenesis in 2 cases, 1 case with fixed crushing. Targeted treatment and nursing,complications were controlled,3 cases were discharged with taking tube. Conclusion：Tracheotomy operation complications occur, clinical nurses should strictly enforce the tracheotomy nursing, early detection, timely and correct treatment, is an important link in the prevention and treatment of complications.

关 键 词：气管切开术 并发症 预防与治疗 护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]