矿物纤维粉尘的电化学特性研究及其意义  

Study of Electric Chemistry of Mineral Fibrous Dusts and Its Significance

作　　者：董发勤[1] 李国武[1] 宋功保[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南工学院矿物材料及应用研究所,四川绵阳621002

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2000年第3期226-233,共8页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!(编号 :4 950 2 0 2 5)部分成果

摘　　要：本文主要测定了 6对矿物粉尘的电导率和pH值 ,对比分析了形态、粒度、温度、时间对粉尘电化学特性的影响。研究结果表明 ,矿物在水介质中的pH值 /电导率比值与其粒度细度成正相关关系 ,电导率对温度的变化较为敏感 ,其最大值出现在 60℃左右 ,在 80℃以后所有样品的电导率均出现大幅下降拐点。多数样品的pH值表现出逐渐上升的趋势 ,8小时以后所有样品均接近平衡时的稳定值 ,具阳离子交换性质的矿尘的溶解、电离、导电模式是一种新类型。矿物的溶解速率受粒度、表面活性、温度、浓度差、时间等因素影响。矿物粉尘的pH值 /电导率比值是矿物表面的特征值 ,全面反映其溶解度、化学活性、表面电性、降解和残留、防腐、配伍等方面的行为趋势。In this paper the conductivities and pH values of 6 pairs of mineral dusts were measured and a comparative analysis was performed of the influences of the shape, granularity, temperature and time on their electric chemistry. The research results show that there is a positive correlation between the pH values/conductivities and finenesses of the minerals in water medium and that the conductivity is sensitive to temperature change with its maximum located at ca. 60℃ and a turning point showing a large_amplitude decrease appearing after 80℃ in all samples. The pH values of most samples show a trend of rising progressively with time and all the samples approach stable values during balance after 8 hours. A new type of model has been proposed for the dissolution, ionization and conductivity of mineral dusts with cation exchange property. The dissolution rates of minerals are influenced by the granularity, surface activity, temperature, differential concentration, time etc. The pH and conductivity of mineral dusts are their surface characteristic values and can all_sidedly reflect the behavior tendencies of their solubility, chemical activity, surface electricity, decomposition and remaining, preservation, compatibility etc.

关 键 词：矿物纤维粉尘 电导率 PH值 溶解 电化学 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]