矿物纤维粉尘在酸中的稳定性与化学活性研究  

Study on Stability and Chemical Activity of Mineral Fiber Dusts in Inorganic Acid

作　　者：冯启明[1] 董发勤[1] 彭同江[1] 万朴[1] 李国武[1] 宋功保[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南工学院矿物材料及应用研究所,四川绵阳621002

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2000年第3期243-248,共6页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!(编号 :4 950 2 0 2 5)部分成果

摘　　要：通过对一些矿物纤维粉尘耐酸蚀性及其酸蚀残余物化学活性的测试分析和对矿物纤维粉尘的酸蚀历程尤其在酸蚀过程中其表面活性基团的变化及影响耐酸蚀性及其化学活性的诸多因素的较深入的探讨 ,并结合作者以前和前人的研究成果 ,探讨了矿物纤维粉尘耐酸蚀性强弱及酸蚀过程中表面活性基团变化与生物活性大小变化的关系。结果表明 ,矿物纤维粉尘的酸蚀持久性与其晶体结构、结晶度、晶格缺陷多少有关 ,也与其表面官能团种类、位置及裸露程度相关 ,与原粉尘及其酸蚀残余物的比表面积、微孔性质、数量、Lewis酸位多少呈正相关。经酸溶蚀或经表面改性 ,矿物纤维粉尘潜在的生物毒性可以降低甚至完全消失。According to the tests for the stability of some mineral fiber dusts in inorganic acid and chemical activity of acid_etched residue, the authors discuss the acid etching process of mineral fiber dusts, especially the changes in surface active groups in the acid etching process, and the factors that affect acid_resistance and chemical activity of mineral fiber dusts. Besides, on the basis of the results of the tests combined with the previous research results of the authors and predecessors, the authors discuss the relationships between the acid_resistance of mineral fiber dusts and the changes of surface active groups in the acid etching process with the bioactivity. The tests indicate that the acid resistance of mineral fiber dusts is related to the crystal structure, crystallinity and quantity of lattice defects, as well as the types and position and exposure degree of the groups. Besides, it is in positive correlation with the specific surface area, properties and number of microholes, and quantity of Lewis acid sites. After acid attack or surface modification, the latent biological toxicity of mineral fiber dusts may be reduced or even disappears totolly.

关 键 词：矿物纤维粉尘 耐酸蚀性 化学活性 稳定性 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]