三峡水库蓄水对库区降水量的影响分析  

Analysis of Influence of Three Gorges Dam Storage on Reservoir Region Precipitation

作　　者：张树奎[1,2] 鲁子爱[2] 张楠[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院 [2]河海大学交通学院 [3]黄河水利科学研究院

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2013年第5期21-23,62,共4页Water Resources and Power

摘　　要：三峡大坝建成后库区水位上升,常年水面面积也将大幅增加,库区下垫面将发生变化,从而导致局地气候特征的变化。为了解三峡大坝对库区降水量的影响,基于三峡库区37个雨量站点1958-01-01～2008-12-31逐日有效降水量资料,采用气象诊断旋转正交经验函数(REOF)方法计算并分析了三峡库区和大坝南北部年均降水量、四季降水量的时空变化情况,并通过REOF模态图时间系数分析了建坝前后降水量的波动情况。结果发现,三峡水库运行后库区降水量存在一定的波动,三峡大坝在运行前45年与运行后6年的时间内,年均、四季整个库区与北部降水量差值波动幅度并不明显。After construction of Three Gorges Dam （TGD）, the water level of reservoir region has gone up, water surface area has increased greatly and underlying surface in reservoir region is also changed. Therefore, the local climate characteristic has been changed. In order to study the influence of TGD on reservoir region precipitation, the rotated empirical orthogonal functions （REOF） method is used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal precipitation in the southern and northern part of the TGD with the daily effective precipitation data of 37 weather stations from 1958 to 2008. The fluctuation of precipitation before and after construction TGD has also been analyzed by using time coefficients of REOF mode. The results show that after operation of the TGD, precipitation in reservoir region ap pears fluctuation; the annual and seasonal precipitation in the northern and southern part of the Yangtze River has not sig- nificant fluctuant trend before 45 years and after 6 years of TGD operation.

关 键 词：三峡大坝 库区 降水量 旋转正交经验函数 

分 类 号：P461.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]