速发型超敏反应疾病影响因素病例对照研究  

Influencing factors of immediate hypersensitivity diseases:a case-control study

作　　者：赵晶[1] 张莉华[2] 关媛媛[2] 孙继烨[2] 高艳[2] 罗潇[1] 所佳宁[1] 刘美娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院门诊过敏反应科

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第5期654-656,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家重大专项课题(2008ZX08011-005)

摘　　要：目的了解速发型超敏反应疾病的相关影响因素,为采取相应干预措施提供依据。方法采用简单随机抽样方法对2010年3—12月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院过敏反应科就诊的1 382例患者进行问卷调查和血清过敏原特异性IgE检测,抽取其中503例速发型超敏反应疾病患者作为病例组,其他879例非速发型超敏反应疾病患者作为对照组,应用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析速发型超敏反应疾病的影响因素。结果单因素logistic回归分析结果表明,性别(OR=0.778)、年龄(OR=0.913)、母亲过敏史(OR=1.514)和饮酒(OR=0.713)是速发型超敏反应疾病的相关影响因素;多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,母亲过敏史(OR=1.483,95%CI=1.067～2.062)是速发型超敏反应疾病的危险因素,女性(OR=0.709,95%CI=0.557～0.903)和饮酒(OR=0.628,95%CI=0.426～0.927)是速发型超敏反应的保护因素;采用分层分析控制性别因素后结果表明,女性人群适量饮酒(OR=0.264,95%=0.092～0.761)是速发型超敏反应疾病的保护因素。结论母亲有过敏史的人群是速发型超敏反应疾病的高危人群,女性适量饮酒不易发生速发型超敏反应。Objective To explore the related factors of immediate hypersensitivity diseases and to provide basis for appropriate intervention measures for the diseases. Methods We used simple random sampling method to get 1 382 subjects for serum allergen-specific IgE detection and a questionnaire survey from March to December,2010. We enrolled 503 patients diagnosed with allergic disease as case group. Control group consisted of 879 persons without allergic disease. We applied univariate and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of immediate hypersensitivity disease. Results Single factor logistic regression analyses revealed that factors associated with immediate hypersensitivity disease were gender （ odds ratio [ OR ] = 0. 778 ）, age （ OR =0. 913）, maternal allergic history （ OR = 1. 514）, and alcohol drinking （OR = 0. 713 ）. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that maternal allergic history （ OR = 1. 483,95% confidence interval [ CI] ： 1. 067 - 2. 062 ） was a risk factor, while-female gender （ OR = 0. 709,95% CI：0. 557 -0. 903） and alcohol drinking（ OR = 0. 628,95% CI：0. 426 - 0. 927） were protective factors for immediate hypersensitivity disease. After adjustment of gender, the results of stratified analysis showed that women who drinking a moderate amount of alcohol（ OR =0. 264,95% ：0. 092 -0. 761 ） was a protective factor for immediate hypersensitivity disease. Conclusion People with mothers having allergic history are at a high-risk of immediate hypersensitivity disease and females with moderate alcohol drinking are less susceptible to the disease.

关 键 词：速发型超敏反应 影响因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R181.36[医药卫生—流行病学]