风化煤矸石坡面水土流失规律模拟  

Soil erosion and water loss laws of mine waste slope

作　　者：冯慧敏[1,2] 王电龙[2,3] 胡振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061 [3]山西省水利建设开发中心,太原030002

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2013年第2期39-44,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省青年科技基金"雁北沙地樟子松生态需水及防沙治沙模式研究"(20031048)

摘　　要：采用室内模拟径流冲刷试验,研究风化煤矸石坡面水土流失规律。结果表明:1)在设计径流量为2.0和2.5L/min时,坡面产流曲线呈现为"单峰"或"多峰"曲线,没有明显规律性,当设计径流量增大到3.0和3.5 L/min时,坡面产流曲线多为"单峰"曲线,且峰值出现时间较早,具有相似的规律性;2)坡面平均产流量随设计径流量和坡度的增大而迅速增大,增长趋势符合幂函数关系,且设计径流量对坡面平均产流量的影响大于坡度;3)坡面平均产沙率随设计径流量和坡度的增大增长趋势明显,增长趋势符合幂函数关系,且设计径流量对坡面平均产沙率的影响大于坡度。研究结果可为工矿区水土保持提供一定的参考。Based on runoff scouring experiment, the laws of soil erosion and water loss of mine waste slope were studied. The results showed that ： 1 ） In the designed runoff of 2.0 and 2.5 L/min, the runoff process occurred single peak or several peaks curve with no obvious laws. When the designed runoff increased to 3.0 and 3.5 L/min, the runoff process performed almost single peak curve, and the peak value appeared earlier with similar laws. 2） The average runoff amount increased rapidly with the increase of designed runoff and the land slope, and the tendency agreed to power equation. The designed runoff played bigger effects on the average runoff than land slope. 3 ） The average watershed sediment yield increased rapidly with the increase of designed runoff and the land slope, the tendency agreed to power relationship, and the effects of designed runoff on the average watershed sediment yield was greater than that of land slope.

关 键 词：模拟冲刷试验 径流曲线 平均产流量 平均产沙率 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]