神经内科医院感染相关因素调查及干预措施探讨  

Related factors of nosocomial infections in neurology department and research of intervention measures

作　　者：黎良达[1] 施善芬[2] 占刘俭[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学医学院附属鄞州医院神经内科,浙江宁波315040 [2]宁波大学医学院附属鄞州医院肾内风湿科,浙江宁波315040

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第9期2050-2051,2059,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析神经内科医院感染相关危险因素,以制定针对性预防措施。方法选取2010年1月-2012年1月神经内科170例医院感染患者为研究对象,分析医院感染相关因素。结果 170例患者中脑梗死比例最高,为41.18%,高于其他原发疾病;男性患者所占比例为55.88%;70～79岁患者感染率为35.29%,高于其他年龄组;住院时间30～39d组感染率最高,为55.88%;在侵入性操作中,气管插管患者占18.82%,气管切开占12.35%,留置导尿管占37.06%,留置胃管占30.59%,中心静脉穿刺占40.00%;170例医院感染患者中下呼吸道感染占47.06%,高于其他感染部位,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄患者、住院时间较长以及侵入性操作等是神经内科患者发生医院感染的相关危险因素,严格消毒隔离、加强病房管理及严格无菌操作有助于医院感染的控制。OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors of nosocomial infections in the neurology department so as to put forward the targeted prevention measures.METHODS A total of 170 cases of patients with nosocomial infections,who were treated in the neurology department from Jan 2010 to Jan 2012,were enrolled in the study,and the related factors of nosocomial infections were analyzed.RESULTS Among 170 patients,the proportion of cerebral infarction was 41.18%,which was higher than that of other primary diseases.The proportion of the male patients was 55.88%.The infection rate of the patients aged between 70 and 79 years old was 35.29%,higher than that of other age groups of patients;the infection rate of the patients with the hospitalization duration varying from 30 days to 39 days was the highest（55.88%）.Among the patients who underwent the invasive operation,the patients with the tracheal intubation accounted for 18.82%,the patients with tracheotomy 12.35%,the patients with catheter indwelling 37.06%,the patients with indwelling gastric tube 30.59%,and the patients with central venous puncture 40.00%;among the 170 patients with nosocomial infections,the patients with lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 47.06%,higher than that of the patients with other sites infections,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.CONCLUSION The advanced age,long hospital stay,and invasive operation are the risk factors associated with the nosocomial infections in the patients of neurology department.It is an effective way to control the nosocomial infections by implementing the strict disinfection and isolation system and strengthening the ward management and aseptic operation.

关 键 词：神经内科 医院感染 相关因素 干预措施 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]